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The formation of Russian cinema Tsarist Russia behind in its development of the leading countries of the West; own production and the film was not, therefore, the filmmakers had to use imported materials, imported mainly from France. But Russia had the world's literature, advanced for its time, the theatre of realistic painting. These cultural assets are a solid foundation for the development of the film industry. The first Russian feature film production is a. Drankovu. Thanks to the skill and resourcefulness Drankov gathered the right tools for the film and the October 15, 1908 showed a picture of the "freemen" Ponizovaâ ("Stenka Razin"). A true pioneer of the Russian film industry was A.a. Khanzhonkov. The most significant picture of the early period of Russian cinema was a "defense of Sevastopol", filmed in the year 1911. "Defense of Sevastopol" was a milestone in Russian cinema. Impressed by the length of the picture-2000 meters. In years 3-4 clips, i.e. 1000 metres, was considered extreme long movie. An extension was not a formal measure: thanks to this event, providing detailed and coherent. The remarkable increase of Russian cinema begins with the year 1914. This is due to various reasons-in particular, and the fact that the audience has increased the need to see on the screen of the subjects and images of Russian, rather than overseas, and that the war has reduced the import of foreign films, reducing competition. During the war years are trying their hand such famous theatre directors like Meyerhold, a. Sanin, b. Sushkevich; constantly cooperate actors of mhatovskie. Gzovskaâ, l. Leonidov, and i.v. moskvin and others. Their participation in shooting could not raise the artistic level of the cinema. In the spring of 1916 in film by Yakov Protazanov Spades and he becomes the best Director of Russian cinema. Protazanov lived most life in the film, and after the revolution created many interesting, still enjoying the success of paintings: "Aèlitu", "Pattern from Torzhok, etc. Protazanov was the first in Russian, and one of the largest in the Soviet cinema "Acting Director". He owned all secrets of the directorial profession but in every film, especially, was betting on the actors by providing them with leading the party. At the same time with the game's movie success in Russia is making a movie documentary called "smart cinema". "Smart cinema" was more of what we now call scientific-popular film. Usually before "reasonable cinema", which were held in schools and people's homes, was preceded by a lecture. The quantitative growth of the Russian film industry reflects this fact: If in the year 1913 was 129 films, then in 1916, there were 500, although not all were polnometražnymi. In 1913, Nicholas II said about cinema: cinema-it's empty, no right and even harmful occupation. " During the war the Government creates a Skobelevskij Committee, which has a monopoly on shooting frontline Chronicles and contributing to the creation of nationalistic films. The great October revolution and the subsequent nationalization of the film production and distribution have dramatically changed the destiny of art cinema in Russia. Development of Soviet cinema Timeless significance for the development of world cinema had birth of Soviet cinema. For the first time, it declared itself in full voice in 20 years. In the first post-revolutionary years in the Soviet Union was not even locally produced equipment and film, many cinemas had been destroyed, had worn out old copies of the rental. The filmmakers in these difficult years can only be described as heroic. A great place during the civil war and in the early postwar years were the so-called agitfil′my, which lucidly and passionately explained the broad masses of party slogans, tasks and requirements. Best of agitfil′my varied concise and sharp consistency. The value of these tapes for Soviet cinema cannot be underestimated-they naŝupyvalas′ new topic, elaborated methods of impact on the Viewer. Soviet documentaries of that time gave rise to a wizard whose name is written on the same line as the famous names of the time, Dzigu Vetrova. He turned the film footage of the media art of shaped journalism. He has opened new and used innovative techniques of many old movie close-ups, attacks, etc., to give the chronicle the expressiveness. Even in the difficult years of devastation, cinema of lived faith in the future was established cinematic technical school (now VGIK). Soviet cinema 30-ies In 30 years of increasingly apparent relationship of Soviet cinema with the forward movement of the new society. This is the main screen of the Soviet tradition. The particular success of Soviet cinema in the historical-revolutionary subjects. An important section of the historical-revolutionary film this time-piece about the life and work of Vladimir Lenin. The first attempt to show on screen the living leader of the revolution took place with Eisenstein in the painting "October". For the first time Lenin came to the fore "the writer Alexei Kaplera, Director Of Rum and a distinguished actor Boris Shchukin in the movies Lenin in October" and "Lenin in 1918, created in 1937 and 1939, respectively. Soviet film repertoire 30 's extremely extensive. Great place in films of that time were the film adaptation of the Russian classics-a. Pushkin, Leo Tolstoy, Aleksandr Ostrovsky and many others. Successful Soviet cinema of those years Dobie
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