6. Галапагосская черепаха или слоновая черепахаСтатус: уязвимый.Угрозы перевод - 6. Галапагосская черепаха или слоновая черепахаСтатус: уязвимый.Угрозы английский как сказать

6. Галапагосская черепаха или слоно

6. Галапагосская черепаха или слоновая черепаха
Статус: уязвимый.
Угрозы: Существует мнение, что к началу XX века было уничтожено более 200 000 слоновых черепах. Это привело к тому, что на островах Чарлз и Барингтон черепахи полностью вымерли, на других исчезли почти полностью.
Записи судовых журналов, относящиеся к середине XIX века, гласят, что за 36 лет 79 китобойных судов вывезли с островов 10 373 черепах. Дело в том, что открыв Галапагосы, европейские моряки стали использовать слоновых черепах в качестве «живых консервов». Животными набивали трюмы, где они находились по несколько месяцев без воды и пищи.
Кроме того, были уничтожены естественные места обитания для ведения сельского хозяйства, ввезены и распространены чужеродные животные, такие как крысы, свиньи и козы, ставшие для черепах конкурентами в добывании пищи.
С начала XX века было приложено немало усилий по восстановлению популяции галапагосских черепах. Выращенные в неволе детеныши были выпущены на островах, в местах их естественного обитания. На сегодняшний день численность слоновых черепах составляет более 19 000 особей.
Из пятнадцати подвидов слоновых черепах сегодня сохранилось лишь десять. Одиннадцатый подвид был представлен единственной особью, содержащейся в неволе. Он известен нам под именем «Одинокий Джордж». К сожалению, в июне 2012 года Джордж скончался.
Гепард, фото
7. Гепард
Статус: уязвимый.
Угрозы: Когда-то гепарды обитали почти по всей Африке, на Ближнем Востоке и в центральной части Азии. Сегодня они встречаются исключительно в Африке, к югу от Сахары и в Азии, где сохранились единичные особи, находящиеся на грани исчезновения.
Большая часть гепардов не живет на охраняемых территориях, это приводит к конфликтам с фермерами. Из-за сужения обитаемых территорий, гепарды часто пересекаются с людьми, охотясь на домашний скот. Местное население рассматривает их как «вредителей» и ведет с ними постоянную борьбу. Помимо того, шкура гепарда по-прежнему является желанным трофеем для браконьеров. Все это неумолимо ведет к сокращению популяции, за последние 20 лет численность гепардов снизилась на 30%.
Фото гориллы
8. Западная горилла
Статус: находится под критической угрозой исчезновения.
Угрозы: Еще в 2007 году западные гориллы были внесены в Красную Книгу исчезающих видов.
Браконьерство, коммерческие лесозаготовки и изменение климата – все это нарушает экологический баланс среды обитания и ведет к постепенному исчезновению популяции западных горилл.
Но, возможно, самой большой угрозой существованию горилл сегодня является вирус Эбола, выкашивающий особей этого вида, в том числе, и на охраняемых территориях. С 1992 по 2011 год, в течение 20 лет, численность западных горилл сократилась на 45%. В настоящее время вирус Эбола может истощить популяцию западных горилл до критической точки, когда восстановление станет невозможным.
Зебра Греви, фото
9. Зебра Греви
Статус: находящийся под угрозой исчезновения.
Угрозы: В прошлом зебра Греви или пустынная зебра была распространена от Египта до Северной Африки, где была истреблена еще в античные времена. Предполагается, что именно ее древние естествоведы называли «тигровая лошадь».
Численность зебр Греви в 1970-х годах составляла около 15 000, к началу же 21 века осталось лишь 3 500 особей, что на 75% меньше. На сегодняшний день считается, что количество живущих в дикой природе зебр Греви составляет не более 2 500. В неволе содержат около 600 зебр.
В течение столетий на зебру Греви велась беспощадная охота, с целью заполучить красивую шкуру, ставшую излюбленным украшением интерьера. Кроме того, зебру уничтожали, считая ее нежелательным конкурентом домашнего скота на пастбищах. Совсем недавно выяснилось, что зебры Греви питаются особо жесткими видами трав, которые не могут быть переварены крупным рогатым скотом.
В настоящее время в Сомали и Эфиопии зебра Греви почти полностью истреблена, лишь в Кении удалось осуществить действенные меры по сохранению вида.
Бегемот, фото
10. Бегемот
Статус: уязвимый.
Угрозы: Численность бегемотов в мире с за последние 10 лет снизилась на 7 — 20%. Как прогнозируют специалисты, в ближайшие 30 лет их количество упадет еще на 30%.
Всюду популяция бегемотов испытывает негативное воздействие со стороны человека. Местное население ведет браконьерскую добычу гиппопотамов с целью получения мяса и кости животного. Нелегальная торговля бегемотовой костью приобрела в конце XX века угрожающие масштабы. Например, в 1991 – 1992 годах у нелегальных торговцев и браконьеров было изъято более 27 тонн кости. Кроме того, каждый год количество обрабатываемых земель растет, часто распахиваются прибрежные земли, являющиеся для бегемотов и домом, и местом кормежки.
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6. ivory or tortoise of Galapagos tortoiseStatus: vulnerable.The threat: it is believed that by the beginning of the 20th century more than 200000 elephant turtles. This has resulted in the Islands Charles and Barington turtles completely extinct, others have disappeared almost entirely.Log entries related to the mid-19th century, state that for 36 years 79 whalers were taken from the Islands 10373 turtles. The fact of the matter is that opening the Galápagos, European sailors began using elephant turtles as "living food". Animals filled the holds, where they remained for several months without water and food.In addition, natural habitats have been destroyed for agriculture, imported and distributed by alien animals such as humans, rats, pigs and goats, which are competitors of the turtle and the females are polyestrous.Since the beginning of the 20th century, many efforts have been made to restore the population of Galapagos tortoises. Captive bred hatchlings have been released on the Islands in their natural habitat. To date, the number of turtles representing more than 19000 elephant specimens.Of the fifteen subspecies of elephant turtles today only ten survived. Eleven subspecies was presented the only individuals in captivity. He is known to us under the name of "Lonesome George". Unfortunately, in June 2012, George died.Cheetah, photo7. CheetahStatus: vulnerable.The threat: once cheetahs lived throughout much of Africa, the Middle East and Central Asia. Today they are found exclusively in sub-Saharan Africa and in Asia, where there are a few individuals who are on the verge of extinction.Most of the Cheetah does not live in protected areas, this leads to conflicts with farmers. Due to the narrowing of the inhabited territories, cheetahs often intersect with people prey on livestock. The local population regards them as "pests" and maintains a constant battle with them. In addition to the Cheetah pelt is still a coveted trophy for poachers. All this inexorably leads to a decrease in the population over the past 20 years, the number of cheetahs has decreased by 30%.Photo Gorilla8. Western GorillaStatus: is critically endangered.The threat: back in 2007, the western gorillas have been entered in the Red Book of endangered species.Poaching, commercial logging and climate change-all of this violates the ecological balance of the environment, and leads to the gradual disappearance of populations of western gorillas.But perhaps the biggest threat to the existence of gorillas is the Ebola virus, vykašivaûŝij individuals of this species, including the protected areas. With the 2011 year 1992, for 20 years, the number of western gorillas has fallen by 45%. The Ebola virus can drain the Western Gorilla populations to a point where recovery is not possible.Zebra Greve, photo9. Zebra Greve Status: endangered.Threats: the last Zebra Greve or desert Zebra was extended from Egypt to North Africa, where they were annihilated even in ancient times. Assumes that it is the ancient natural scientists called "the Tiger horse".The number of zebras Greve in the 1970 's was about 15000, to the beginning of the 21 century there are only 3500 specimens that 75% less. To date, is that the number of people living in the wild zebras Greve is not more than 2500. In captivity, contain about 600 zebras.For centuries the Zebra Greve was merciless hunting to get beautiful skin, which has become a favorite ornament of an Interior. In addition, Zebra destroyed, considering it desirable competitor livestock in pastures. More recently, it became clear that zebras are particularly stringent forms of Greve Herbages, which cannot be digested cattle.Currently in Somalia and Ethiopia Zebra Greve almost completely annihilated, only in Kenya has been able to implement effective measures for the conservation of the species.Hippo, photo10. The hippoStatus: vulnerable.The threat: the number of hippos in the world with over the last 10 years has fallen to 7-20%. As predicted in the coming 30 years, their number will drop by 30%.Everywhere the population of hippos is having a negative impact on the part of the person. The local population is poaching booty hippos for meat and animal bones. Illegal trade in begemotovoj the bone at the end of the twentieth century has become rampant. For example, in 1991-1992, illegal traders and poachers were seized over 27 tonnes of bones. In addition, each year the amount of arable land is growing, often swing open coastal lands that are for the hippos and the House, and the place of feeding.
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6. Galapagos tortoise or turtle ivory
Status: Vulnerable.
Threats: It is believed that at the beginning of the XX century was destroyed more than 200,000 elephant turtles. This led to the fact that the islands Charles and Barington turtles became extinct, others have disappeared almost completely.
logbook records relating to the middle of the XIX century, say that in 36 years 79 whaling ships were taken from the islands 10,373 turtles. The fact that opening the Galapagos, European sailors began to use elephant turtles as "living canned". Stuffed animals holds, where they remained for several months without food and water.
In addition, were destroyed natural habitats for agriculture, imported and distributed by alien animals such as rats, pigs and goats, which have become competitors for turtles in obtaining food.
Since the beginning of the XX century was applied a lot of effort to restore populations of Galapagos tortoises. Captive-bred cubs were released on the islands in their natural habitat. To date, the number of elephant skulls of more than 19 000 individuals.
Of the fifteen sub-species of elephant skulls today survived only ten. Eleventh subspecies was introduced only singular in captivity. He is known to us under the name of "Lonesome George". Unfortunately, in June 2012. George died.
cheetah, photo
7. Cheetah
Status: Vulnerable.
Threats: Once cheetahs lived almost all of Africa, the Middle East and central Asia. Today, they are found only in Africa, sub-Saharan Africa and in Asia, where single individuals remained on the verge of extinction.
Most of the cheetahs do not live in protected areas, this leads to conflicts with farmers. Due to the narrowing of the inhabited areas, cheetahs often overlap with people hunting for livestock. Local people consider them as "pests" and leads them constant struggle. In addition, the skin of the cheetah is still the coveted trophy for poachers. All this inevitably leads to a decline in population over the past 20 years the number of cheetahs decreased by 30%.
Photo Gorilla
8. Western gorilla
Status: is critically endangered.
Threats: Back in 2007, the western gorillas have been included in the Red Book of endangered species.
Poaching, commercial logging and climate change - all this violates the ecological balance of the environment and lead to the gradual disappearance of the population of western gorillas.
But perhaps the biggest threat to the existence of gorillas today is the Ebola virus, mows individuals of this species, including, and in protected areas. From 1992 to 2011, for 20 years, the number of western gorillas decreased by 45%. Currently, the Ebola virus can deplete the population of western gorillas to the critical point when the recovery becomes impossible.
Grevy's zebra, photo
9. Grevy's zebra
Status: endangered.
Threats: In the past, Grevy's zebra zebra or desert was spread from Egypt to North Africa, where it was cut off in ancient times. It is assumed that its ancient natural scientists called "tiger horse."
The number of Grevy's zebra in the 1970s was about 15,000, to the beginning of the 21st century there are only 3,500 individuals, which is 75% less. To date, it is believed that the number of people living in the wild Grevy's zebra is not more than 2 500. In captivity contain about 600 zebras.
For centuries, Grevy's zebra was conducted on Hunting, in order to get a beautiful skin that has become a favorite interior decoration. In addition, zebra destroyed, including its undesirable competitor livestock on pastures. More recently, it became clear that Grevy's zebras eat very tough grass species that can not be digested by cattle.
Currently, Somalia and Ethiopia Grevy's zebra almost completely wiped out, just in Kenya failed to implement effective measures to conserve the species.
Behemoth, photo
10 . Hippo
Status: Vulnerable.
Threats: The number of hippos in the world over the past 10 years decreased by 7 - 20%. As experts predict that in the next 30 years, their number will fall another 30%.
Throughout hippo population is negatively affected by humans. The local population is poaching hippos in order to get the meat and bones of the animal. Illegal trade Begemotova bone acquired at the end of XX century rampant. For example, in 1991 - 1992 years from illegal traders and poachers were seized more than 27 tons of bones. In addition, each year the amount of arable land is growing, often swing open coastal lands that are home to hippos and and feeding place.
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6. Галапагосская turtle or ivory turtle
Status: vulnerable.
threat: There is a view that the early twentieth century was destroyed more than 200,000-turtles. This has led to,The islands Charles and Барингтон turtle fully mammoths, on the other had disappeared almost completely.
Record ship magazines, related to the mid-nineteenth century, as follows,That in 36 years 79 whaling ships withdrew from the islands 10,373 turtles. The fact is that by opening Isles have been named, european sailors have used-turtles as "living canned food". Animals holds sewing sarafans,Where they were for a few months without water and food.
In addition, were destroyed natural habitats for agriculture, imported and distributed alien animals, such as rats,Pigs and goats, who are for turtles competitors in beggars food.
with the beginning of the twentieth century has been made much effort to restore populations of Galapagos turtles.Grown in captivity Timur Voronov) have been released on the islands, in their natural habitats. To date, the strength-turtles are more than 19,000 species.
Of the fifteen sub-turtles today lost only ten. Eleventh subsp. was submitted to the sole chromosome represents, as contained in captivity. It is also well known for us under the name of "Lone George". Unfortunately,In June 2012, George died.
Cheetah, photo
7. Cheetah
Status: vulnerable.
threat: When the гепарды Nagaland on almost all of Africa, the Middle East and in the central part of Asia.Today they are found only in Africa, south of the Sahara and in Asia, where have survived a single species, which are on the verge of extinction.
most of ancestors did not live in protected territories,This leads to conflicts with farmers. Because of the narrow inhabited territory, гепарды often intersect with human trafficking, hunting on the livestock.The local population sees them as "pests" and maintains a constant struggle. In addition, unlit implementation continues to be a desirable prize for promotion. All of this leads inexorably to reduce populations,Over the past 20 years, the ancestors have declined by 30 % .
Photo gorillas
8. Western gorilla family
Status: located under the critical endangered species.
threat:Even in 2007, Western gorillas have been made in the Red Book species.
poaching,Commercial logging and climate change - all of this upset the ecological balance environment and leads to the gradual disappearance of western gorillas.
but, perhaps,The greatest threat today is gorillas Ebola virus, выкашивающии species this type, including, and in protected territories. From 1992 to 2011, in 20 years,Strength of western gorillas has been reduced by 45 %. Currently, Ebola virus can deplete estuarine western gorillas up to a critical point, when the restoration will be impossible.
Zebra Греви, photo
9. Zebra Греви
Status: under the endangered species.
threat: in the past zebra Греви or desolated zebra has been extended from Egypt to North Africa, where it was annihilated even in ancient times. It is expected thatThat it is in its ancient reinforced was described as a "Tigrovaya Balka horse" .
the Leningradsky Zoopark Греви in the 1970s, was approximately 15,000, by the early 21 century is only 3,500 species that, at 75% less. To date, it is believed,That the number of people living in the wild zebra Греви is not more than 2 500. In captivity contain 600 zebra.
over the centuries on the zebra" Греви waged relentless hunting, with a view to get beautiful skin,Has become a favorite stylish design feature. In addition, zebra" destroyed, considering its undesirable competitor of livestock in pastures. More recently it was found thatThat zebra Греви eat particularly hard types of grasses, which can not be переварены livestock.
currently in Somalia and Ethiopia zebra Греви almost totally annihilated,Only in Kenya have failed to implement effective measures for the presence of the species.
hippo, photo
10. Hippo
Status: vulnerable.
threat: the hippos in the world with over the past 10 years has been reduced by 7 to 20 %.As forecast in the next 30 years the number of drops is still at 30 % .
everywhere gastropod hippos - is experiencing a negative impact on the human rights.The local population has any domestic logging, including pit sawing production hippopotamus with a view to obtaining meat and animal bones. Illegal trade бегемотовои bone acquired at the end of the twentieth century rampant. For example,In 1991 and 1992, illegal traders and we pass was seized more than 27 tons of bones. In addition, each year the number of arable land is increasing, often reopening coastal land,As for hippos and the house, and the place feed.
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