Introduction … what is translation?

Introduction
… what is translation? Often, through not by any means always, it is rendering the meaning of a text into another language in the way that the author intended the text. Common sense tells us that this ought to be simple, as one ought to be able to say something as well in one language as in another. On the other hand, you may see it as complicated, artificial and fraudulent, since by using another language you are pretending to be someone you are not. Hence, in many types of text (legal, administrative, dialect, local, cultural) the temptation is to transfer as many source language world to the target language as possible. The pity is, as Mounin writes, that the translation cannot simply reproduce, or be, the original. And since this is so, the first business of the translator is to translate.
A text may therefore be pulled in ten different directions, as follows:
(1) the individual style or idiolect of the SL author. When should it be (a) preserved, (b) normalized?
(2) the conventional grammatical and lexical usage for this type of text, depending on the topic and the situation.
(3) content items referring specifically to SL, or third language (i.e. not SL or TL) cultures.
(4) the typical format of a text in a book, periodical, newspaper, etc., as influenced by tradition at the time.
(5) the expectations of the putative readership, bearing in mind their estimated knowledge of the topic and style of language they use, expressed in terms of the largest common factor, since one should not translate down (or up) to the readership.
(6), (7), (8) As for 2, 3 and 4 respectively, but related to the TL.

Результаты (английский) 1:

Introduction ... what is translation? Often, through not by any means always it is rendering the meaning of a text into another language in the way that the author intended the text. Common sense tells us that this ought to be simple, as one ought to be able to say something as well in one language as in another. On the other hand, you may see it as complicated, artificial and fraudulent, since by using another language you are based to be someone you are not. Hence, in many types of text (legal, administrative, dialect, local, cultural) the temptation is to transfer as many source language to the target language world as possible. The pity is, as Mounin writes, that the translation cannot simply reproduce, or be the original. And since this is so, the first business of the translator is to translate. A text may therefore be pulled in ten different directions, as follows: (1) the individual style or idiolect of the SL, author. When should it be preserved (a), (b) normalized? (2) the conventional grammatical and usage for this release, type of text, depending on the topic and the situation. (3) content items referring specifically to SL or third language (i.e. not SL or TL) cultures. (4) the typical format of a text in a book, periodical, newspaper, etc., as influenced by tradition at the time. (5) the expectations of the putative readership, bearing in mind their flavor, the knowledge of the topic and style of language they use, expressed in terms of the largest common factor, since one should not translate down (or up) to the readership. (6), (7), (8) As for 2, 3 and 4 respectively, but related to the TL.

Результаты (английский) 2:

Introduction
... what is translation? Often, through not by any means always, it is rendering the meaning of a text into another language in the way that the author intended the text. Common sense tells us that this ought to be simple, as one ought to be able to say something as well in one language as in another. On the other hand, you may see it as complicated, artificial and fraudulent, since by using another language you are pretending to be someone you are not. Hence, in many types of text (legal, administrative, dialect, local, cultural) the temptation is to transfer as many source language world to the target language as possible. The pity is, as Mounin writes, that the translation can not simply reproduce, or be, the original. Since this is And so, the first business of the translator is to translate.
A text may therefore be pulled in ten different directions, as follows:
(1) the individual style or idiolect of the SL author. When should it be (a) preserved, (b) normalized?
(2) the conventional grammatical and lexical usage for this type of text, depending on the topic and the situation.
(3) content items referring specifically to SL, or third language (ie not SL or TL) cultures.
(4) the typical format of a text in a book, periodical, newspaper, etc., as influenced by tradition at the time.
(5) the expectations of the putative readership, bearing in mind their estimated knowledge of the topic and style of language they use, expressed in terms of the largest common factor, since one should not translate down (or up) to the readership.
(6), (7), (8) As for 2 , 3 and 4 respectively, but related to the TL.

Результаты (английский) 3:

introduction
... what is translation? often, and not by any means always, it is rendering the meaning of a text into another language in the way that the author intended in the text. common sense tells us that this ought to be simple, as one ought to be able to say something as well in one language as in another. on the other hand, you may see it as complicated, artificial and fraudulent.since by using another language you are pretending to be someone you are not. hence, in many types of text (legal, administrative, world, local, cultural), the temptation is to transfer as many source language world to the target language as possible. the us is, as Mounin writes, that the translation cannot be reproduce, or to be the original. and since this is so,the first business of the translator is to translate.
a text may therefore be him in ten different directions, as follows: "(1) the individual style or idiolect of the sl author. when should it be (a) modern, (b) normalized?
(2) of the conventional grammatical and lexical usage for this type of text, between on the topic and the situation.
(3) content items referring specifically to sl.or third language (i.e. not sl and tl) cultures.
(4) the typical format of a text in a book, periodical, newspaper, etc., as influenced by tradition at the time.
(5) the expectations of the putative readership, bearing in mind their by the knowledge of the topic and style of the language they use, expressed in terms of the largest common factor.since one should not translate down (or up) to the readership.
(6), (7), (8) as for 2, 3 and 4, respectively, and related to the tl.