Аристотеля считают выдающимся филос

Аристотеля считают выдающимся философом, и гением своего времени. Но мало кто знает, что он стал основателем традиционной метеорологии и можно даже сказать, что он придумал все основные понятия науки. Именно он написал первую книгу, посвященную вопросам исследования метеорологических явлений.
Аристотель считал, что именно метеорология является существенной частью учения о природе в принципе.
В те времена считалось, что на небе все изменения происходят в одной природной сфере и, значит, должны изучаться одной наукой. Аристотель подобрал ей название, исходя из греческого выражения "та метеора" - предметы в воздухе. К этим «предметам» ученый причислял дожди и кометы, град и метеоры, радуги и полярные сияния, правда, гидрометеоры, то есть «предметы», со стоящие из воды или льда, он выделял в особую группу. Звезды к метеорологии, по его мнению, не относились: они считались тогда неподвижными и неизменными.
И до Аристотеля люди внимательно наблюдали за погодой. Однако прежде никто не пытался понять, почему происходят изменения погоды. Аристотель же стремился создать систему объяснений наблюдаемых фактов, то есть теорию.
Главное же, несомненно, заключается в том, что Аристотель стремился понять причины природных явлений, и это приводило его к настоящим открытиям. Вот что, например, он писал о воде:
«Мы всегда ясно видим, как вода, поднявшаяся в воздух, опускается снова. Даже если то же самое количество не возвратится в течение года и именно в этой стране, то через определенный срок все, что было унесено вверх, будет возвращено».
Совершенно очевидно, что речь идет о круговороте воды в природе!
В вопросе о происхождении ветра Аристотель вновь заблуждается (по его мнению, воздух - это дым, который выдыхает Земля), а вот его вывод о связи характера погоды с направлением ветра - снова великое прозрение...
Первая книга, «Метеорология» явилось одной из первых работ по физической географии. Книга была выпущена в Древней Греции. Исследователь писал в начале книги, что и предшествующие ученые назвали эту науку метеорологией, то есть можно считать, что появление слова и названия было отмечено намного раньше, чем появился Аристотель.
Вторая книга была намного интереснее. В ней можно найти много интересного о море и ветрах. Коснулись тут грома и молнии, землетрясений. Все это касалось именно метеорологии. Третья книга, посвященная этому вопросу, описывала такие моменты как вихри и бури. Четвертая книга была посвящена теоретическим представлениям о четырех стихиях.
Слово «метеорология» связано с трудом Аристотеля под названием «Метеорологика», трактатом о небесных явлениях. Для современного человека очевидно, что представления Аристотеля о ряде природных явлений, о которых он размышлял в своем трактате «Метеорологика», были ошибочными, однако рождение науки об атмосфере и погоде, бесспорно, связано именно с этим трактатом.
Труды Аристотеля, Галилея и Паскаля позволяют считать метеорологию древней наукой. Это действительно так, если речь идет просто о воздухе, но если говорить о прогнозах погоды, то метеорология еще совсем молода. Ведь только во второй половине XIX в. появилась реальная возможность изучать атмосферу как единую физическую среду, одновременно обозревая весь воздушный океан. Ранее для этого не было необходимых данных. Именно стремительный рост числа наблюдений, их повсеместность и рациональная организация привели впоследствии к открытию фундаментальных свойств атмосферы, о существовании которых метеорологи не могли и предполагать.

Результаты (английский) 1:

Aristotle considered an outstanding philosopher and a genius of his time. But few people know that he became the founder of traditional meteorology and you could even say that he invented all the basic concepts of science. He wrote the first book on the study of meteorological phenomena.Aristotle believed that exactly meteorology is an essential part of the doctrine of nature in principle.In those times it was believed that in heaven all changes occur in a natural area and therefore must be considered a science. Aristotle picked up her name, coming from the Greek expression "Meteora"-items in the air. These "subjects" scientist claimed, rain and hail, and comets, meteors, Rainbows and auroras, truth, gidrometeory, "objects" with the challenges of water or ice, he singled out a special group. Star to meteorology, in his view, were not: they were then fixed and unchanged. And to Aristotle, people watched the weather. But no one tried to understand why changes in the weather. Aristotle sought to establish a system of explanations of the observed facts, that is the theory. The main thing, without a doubt, is that Aristotle sought to understand the causes of natural phenomena, and this led him to this discovery. For example, here is what he wrote about water:"We always see clearly as water, rising into the air, drops again. Even if the same number is not returned within a year and in that country, then after a certain time all that was carried out up, will be returned.It is clear that we are talking about the water cycle in nature!On the question of the origin of Aristotle's mistaken once again wind (in his view, the air is smoke that exhales land), and here is his conclusion about communication weather patterns with wind direction-again great insight ...The first book, "Meteorology" was one of the first works on physical geography. The book was released in ancient Greece. The researcher wrote in the beginning of the book that previous scholars have called the science of meteorology, i.e. it can be assumed that the appearance of words and names it was noted appeared much earlier than Aristotle.The second book was much more interesting. You can find a lot of interesting things about the sea and winds. Touched here Thunder and lightning, earthquakes. All this was exactly meteorology. The third book on the subject, described such moments as whirlwinds and storms. The fourth book is devoted to theoretical notions about the four elements.The word "meteorology" is related to the difficulty of Aristotle called "Meteorologika," a treatise on celestial phenomena. For modern man, it is obvious that Aristotle's view on the variety of natural phenomena, he mused in his treatise "Meteorologika" were misguided, but the birth of the atmospheric science and weather is undeniably connected with this treatise.Aristotle, Galileo, and Pascal suggest meteorology ancient science. So, if we are talking simply about the air, but if we talk about weather forecasts, meteorology is quite young. It is only in the second half of the 19th century there is a real opportunity to study the atmosphere as a single physical environment, while overlooking the entire ocean air. Previously did not have the necessary data. It is the rapid growth of the number of observations, their ubiquity and rational organization led subsequently to the discovery of the fundamental properties of the atmosphere, the existence of which meteorologists could not assume.

Результаты (английский) 2:

Aristotle distinguished philosopher and genius of his time. But few people know that he was the founder of the traditional meteorology and can even be said that he invented all the basic concepts of science. It was he who wrote the first book devoted to the issues of the study of meteorological phenomena.
Aristotle believed that this weather is an essential part of the doctrine of nature in principle.
In those days it was thought that the sky changes occur in a natural sphere and, therefore, should be studied a science . Aristotle took it a name based on the Greek expression "that meteor" - objects in the air. These "objects" the scientist counted showers and comets, meteors, and hail, rainbows, and aurorae, however, hydrometeors, ie, "things", with standing out of the water or ice, he singled out as a special group. Stars in meteorology, in his opinion, are not included: they were considered to be fixed and unchangeable.
And as Aristotle people were watching the weather. However, before no one tried to understand why there is a change of weather. Aristotle sought to create a system of explanations of observed facts, that is the theory.
The main thing, of course, is that Aristotle sought to understand the causes of natural phenomena, and this led him to this discovery. Here, for example, he wrote about the water:
"We always see clearly how the water rose into the air, it falls again. Even if the same amount will not return for a year and it is in this country, after a certain period all that was blown up, will be returned.
"It is obvious that we are talking about the water cycle in nature!
On the question of the origin of the wind Aristotle re wrong (in his view, the air - it's the smoke that exhales Earth), but his conclusion about the nature of the weather due to the wind direction - again great insight ...
The first book, "meteorology" was one of the first works on physical geography. The book was released in ancient Greece. The investigator wrote in the beginning of the book that previous scholars have called this science of meteorology, it is possible to assume that the appearance of words and names mentioned much earlier than Aristotle appeared.
The second book was much more interesting. In it you can find a lot of interesting things about the sea and winds. We touch here of thunder and lightning and earthquakes. All this for the name of Meteorology. The third book is devoted to this subject, describing such things as vortexes and storms. The fourth book was dedicated to the theoretical concepts of the four elements.
The word "weather" is connected with the works of Aristotle called "Meteorologika" treatise on celestial phenomena. For modern man it is clear that the presentation of Aristotle on a number of natural phenomena, which he reflected in his treatise "Meteorologika" were wrong, but the birth of the science of the atmosphere and weather is certainly related to this treatise.
Works of Aristotle, Galileo and Pascal permit considered the ancient science of meteorology. This is true, if it is just about the air, but when it comes to weather forecasts, the weather is still very young. It is only in the second half of the XIX century. there is a real opportunity to study the atmosphere as a single physical environment, while overlooking the entire ocean of air. Previously, this was not the required data. This rapid increase in the number of observations, their ubiquity and rational organization subsequently led to the discovery of the fundamental properties of the atmosphere, the existence of which the meteorologists could not even guess.

Результаты (английский) 3:

as an outstanding philosopher, aristotle, and the genius of his time. but few people know that he was the founder of traditional meteorology and one can even say that he came up with the basic idea of science.he wrote the first book on the study of meteorological phenomena. aristotle believed that meteorology is an essential part of the teaching of the nature in principle. "in those days, it was believed that the changes occur in a natural area and, then, must be considered a science. aristotle took her name.on the basis of the greek phrase "the meteor" objects in the air. the "предметам» scientist counted the rain and hail and comets, meteors, rainbows and aurora, isn't it, гидрометеоры, i.e. objects.with the water or ice is made in a particular group. stars to meteorology, in his view, not treated, they were then fixed and unchanged.
and before aristotle, people carefully watched the weather.first, however, no one was trying to understand why the changes of weather. aristotle's sought to create the system of explanation of observed facts, that is the theory.
the same, of course, iswhat aristotle has sought to understand the causes of natural phenomena, and this led him to these discoveries. that is, for example, he wrote about the water:
"we always clearly see, like water, now up in the air, falling again.even if the same number of returns over the years and it is in this country, in a certain period of time, all that was washed away by the up, will возвращено»
clearly.