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The roots of public relations. History of origin.
For the first time the term "public relations" have used in 1807, US President Thomas Jefferson in his "seventh address to Congress." The origin of self-activity and science, etc. refers to the beginning of the twentieth century. Even in 1900 from Harvard University used a Bureau of publicity, and the University of Pennsylvania in 1904 established its own office publicity.
In 1918 the exchange rate, etc. was included in the curriculum of the University of Illinois, and in 1922 - at New York University. The first book on public relations was published in 1923. Its author - Edward Bernauz - a nephew of Sigmund Freud. The book was called "the crystallization of public opinion." By the beginning of the 1930s in the United States, etc. have developed as a function of management. From that time forth began to turn into an independent business, serving the growing needs of entrepreneurs in the interaction and (or) influence on public opinion (opinion or consumer preferences).
The history of science under the name of "public relations" decided to count since 1902, when it was first applied practice of classic public relations. American journalist Ida Tarbell published a series of articles under the title "History" Standard Oil Company ". And the owner of this company itself was John D. Rockefeller - the world famous American legend. Tarbell subjected to withering criticism unscrupulous methods of competition, used the company's management, and along with the personal qualities of the oil tycoon. Volunteered to be a public outcry was so significant that the reputation of a "living legend" was seriously tarnished. It has not been able to affect the successful conduct of affairs. The trouble started with companions sharply deteriorated relations within the firm. Family life is cracking Rockefeller. Around these publications a scandal erupted. Against the backdrop of a serious public outrage, the US Congress adopted the famous antitrust laws. Then - have been penalized several companies caught in the "shadow" business. Rockefeller, being a smart man and experienced businessman took the following action. He hired a journalist - well-known in the business circles of the United States Ivy Lee. Lee was the author of a series of articles devoted to the entrepreneur does not magnate Rockefeller and Rockefeller - the father of the family, about her husband and a loving dad. The materials were placed in the most famous newspapers of the time. Sentimental Americans saw in the "old days Joe" what they wanted to see - an example of good citizen, an energetic business man - an example to follow. Ayvin Lee honorably fulfilled its task, thereby "PR genie was out of the bottle."
In 1948, the US created the Society, etc., and in 1955 in London - International Association etc. (International Association of Public Relations - Award ipra ), which now brings together experts from 65 countries. In the 1970s, etc. is spreading throughout the world. Rapidly developing this sphere in Russia and in Eastern Europe and the CIS.
National experience, etc. has its own idiosyncrasies. In particular, it accounts for only wonder qualitative growth rate of this industry for the last 3-5 years. Currently, dozens of Russian higher educational institutions train specialists. For several years, operates the Russian Association of Public Relations (RASO), Guild employees of press services and services "Public rilayshinz" of Russia.
In 1999 he founded the Association of consulting companies in public relations (ICCO), which was adopted with the ICO - The International Committee of the Association of Consulting Companies in prospect in the first World Forum of the organization, held in Switzerland in September 1999. In the same year in the Russian Marketing Association (RAM), the Department of PR-technologies.
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