Нефть — природная маслянистая горюч

Нефть — природная маслянистая горючая жидкость со специфическим запахом, состоящая в основном из сложной смеси углеводородов различной молекулярной массы и некоторых других химических соединений. Относится к каустобиолитам (ископаемое топливо).
Подавляющая часть месторождений нефти приурочена к осадочным породам. Цвет нефти варьирует в буро-коричневых тонах (от грязно-жёлтого до тёмно-коричневого, почти чёрного), иногда она бывает чисто чёрного цвета, изредка встречается нефть, окрашенная в светлый жёлто-зелёный цвет, и даже бесцветная, а также насыщенно-зелёная нефть. Имеет специфический запах, также варьирующий от легкого приятного до тяжелого и очень неприятного. Цвет и запах нефти в значительной степени обусловлены присутствием азот-, серо- и кислородсодержащих компонентов, которые концентрируются в смазочном масле и нефтяном остатке. Большинство углеводородов нефти (кроме ароматических) в чистом виде лишено запаха и цвета.
На протяжении XX века и в XXI веке нефть является одним из важнейших для человечества полезных ископаемых.
По химическому составу и происхождению нефть близка к природным горючим газам и озокериту. Эти ископаемые объединяют под общим названием петролиты. Петролиты относят к ещё более обширной группе так называемых каустобиолитов — горючих минералов биогенного происхождения, которые включают также другие ископаемые топлива (торф, бурые и каменный уголь, антрацит, сланцы).
Нефть обнаруживается вместе с газообразными углеводородами на глубинах от десятков метров до 5—6 км. Однако на глубинах свыше 4,5—5 км преобладают газовые и газоконденсатные залежи с незначительным количеством лёгких фракций. Максимальное число залежей нефти располагается на глубине 1—3 км. На малых глубинах и при естественных выходах на земную поверхность нефть преобразуется в густую мальту, полутвёрдый асфальт и другие образования — например, битуминозные пески и битумы.

Результаты (английский) 1:

Oil is a natural oily combustible liquid with specific odor, consisting mainly of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons of various molecular weights, and other chemical compounds. Refers to the kaustobiolitam (fossil fuels).The vast majority of the oil is confined to the sedimentary rocks. Oil color varies in Brown-Brown (from dirty-yellow to dark-brown, almost black), sometimes it is pure black, occasionally there is oil painted in bright yellow-green color, and even colorless, and rich green oil. Has a specific smell, also var′iruûŝij from light to heavy and a very unpleasant. The color and smell of oil are largely due to the presence of nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen-containing components, which are concentrated in the lubricating oil and oil residue. The majority of oil hydrocarbons (except aroma) in its pure form has no smell and color.During the 20th century and into the twenty-first century oil is one of the most important mineral for mankind.Chemical composition and origin of oil is close to natural gas fuel and ozokeritu. These fossils are called petrolity. Petrolity are even more extensive group of so-called caustobioliths-combustible mineral biogenic origin, which also include other fossil fuels (peat, lignite and anthracite coal, shale).Oil is found together with gaseous hydrocarbons at depths of from tens of meters to 5-6 km. However, at depths greater than 4.5-5 km is dominated by gas and gas condensate deposits with little light fractions. The maximum number of oil deposits is located at a depth of 1-3 km. At shallow depth and natural outcrops on the Earth's surface oil is converted into dense semi-hard Malta, asphalt and other entities, such as tar sands and bitumen.

Результаты (английский) 2:

Oil - natural oily flammable liquid with a specific smell, consisting mainly of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons of various molecular weights and other chemical compounds. Refers to caustobiolites (fossil fuels).
The vast majority of oil is confined to the sedimentary rocks. Oil color varies brown-brown tones (from dirty-yellow to dark brown, almost black), sometimes it is pure black, rarely found oil, painted in bright yellow-green color, and even colorless and rich-green oil. Has a peculiar smell, and range from mild to severe pleasant and very unpleasant. The color and odor of oil is largely due to the presence of nitrogen-, sulfur- and oxygen-containing components are concentrated in the lubricating oil and the oil residue. Most petroleum hydrocarbons (except aromatic) in its pure form is devoid of odor and color.
Throughout the XX century in the XXI century oil is one of the most important for humanity minerals.
The chemical composition and origin of oil is close to the natural gas and fuel ozokerites. These resources are collectively called petrolytes. Petrolytes attributed to an even more extensive group of so-called caustobiolites - combustible minerals biogenic origin, which include other fossil fuels (peat, brown and black coal, anthracite, shale).
Oil is found together with gaseous hydrocarbons at depths of tens of meters to 5-6 km. However, at depths greater than 4.5-5 km dominated by gas and gas condensate deposits with minor amounts of light fractions. The maximum number of oil at a depth of 1-3 km. At shallow depths and outcrops on the earth's surface is converted into a thick oil Malta, hard asphalt and other entities - such as tar sands and bitumen.

Результаты (английский) 3:

Oil - the natural oily flammable liquid with a specific scent, composed mainly of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons varying molecular weight and some other chemical compounds.Applies to каустобиолитам (fossil fuel) .
the bulk of oil deposits in conjunction with the sediment species. The color of oil varies in construct concrete lining and brown colors (from dusty yellow to dark brown,Almost black), sometimes it can be a purely black, occasionally found oil, painted in a bright yellow-green color, and even colorless, as well as jet-a green oil. Has a specific smell.The portion of light pleasant up to heavy duty and very unpleasant. The color and smell of oil to a large extent due to presence of nitrogen-, gray-green and кислородсодержащих components,Which are concentrated in the lube oil and oil balance. Most petroleum hydrocarbons (except aromatic) in pure form without smell and color.
In the course of the twentieth century and into the twenty-first century oil is one of the most critical for humanity of minerals.
on chemical composition and origin oil is close to the natural combustible gases and озокериту.These minerals are under the general title петролиты. Петролиты are classified as to have a more extensive group so-called каустобиолитов - combustible minerals nutrient origin,Which also includes other fossil fuels (peat, floodplain and coal, anthracite, Slantsy) .
oil is detected, together with gaseous hydrocarbons at depths of tens of meters up to 5-6 km away.However, at depths greater than 4.5 to 5 km is dominated by copper-nickel ores are deposits with a small number of light fractions. The maximum number of deposits is located at a depth 1-3 km away.At small depths and when natural outputs on the earth's surface oil is converted into a dense Malta, semi-hard exterior asphalt and other education - for example, tar sands and bitumen.