На дне океана имеются три основные

На дне океана имеются три основные экосистемы с активными процессами метаногенеза и метанокисления: осадки океана, находящиеся на стадии диагенеза (биогенный метан), области разгрузки метана из древних осадочных толщ континентальных окраин (термогенный) и в рифтовых зонах срединно-океанических хребтов (абиогенный метан).Обнаружение широкого распространения газово-струйных выделений (метановых сипов) и газ-гидратов метана в осадках океана привело к активизации работ по геохимии метана в океане. Главное открытие микробиологических исследований по этой проблеме — крупномасштабный процесс анаэробного окисления СЩ, осуществляемый консорциумом сульфатредуцирующих бактерий и метанотрофных архей. Важнейшие геохимические последствия этого процесса таковы: уменьшается поток ОТ4 из донных отложений в водную толщу, утяжеляется изотопный состав углерода остаточного метана за счет преимущественного потребления.Ранее широкое распространение получила гипотеза, согласно которой в верхних горизонтах морских осадков микробный метаногенез не может происходить, пока большая часть сульфат-иона иловых вод не будет использована сульфатредуцирующими микроорганизмами. Присутствие метана в современных осадках океана авторами данной гипотезы объясняется процессами диффузии метана из более глубоких горизонтов осадков или из нефтяных и газовых месторождений, локализованных в осадочных породах под дном океана.

Результаты (английский) 1:

At the bottom of the ocean, there are three major ecosystems with active processes of methanogenesis and methane oxidation: ocean sediments, are at the stage of diagenesis (biogenic methane), unloading area of ​​methane from ancient sedimentary rocks of continental margins (thermogenic) and rift zones of mid-ocean ridges (abiotic methane) .

Finding widespread gas-jet discharges (methane seeps) and methane gas hydrates at ocean sediments led to increased works on geochemistry of methane in the ocean. A major discovery microbiological studies on this issue - a large-scale process of anaerobic oxidation of Cu, which is carried out by a consortium of sulphate-reducing bacteria and methanotrophic archaea. Major geochemical effects of this process are: reduced OT4 flow of sediment into the water column, heavier residual carbon isotopic composition of methane due to the preferential consumption.

Previously widespread hypothesis according to which in the upper layers of marine sediments microbial methanogenesis can not occur until most of the sulfate ion sludge waters will not be used sulfatredutcirujushchimi microorganisms. The presence of methane in the ocean sediments modern authors attributed this hypothesis methane diffusion processes of the deeper horizons or precipitation of oil and gas deposits localized in sedimentary rocks beneath the bottom of the ocean.

Результаты (английский) 2:

At the bottom of the ocean there are three main ecosystems with active processes of methanogenesis and methanoloxidation: ocean precipitation at the stage of dianesia (biogenic methane), areas of methane discharge from ancient sedimentary thicknesses of the continental suburbs (thermal) and in rift zones of the mid-ocean ridges (abiogenic methane).

The discovery of widespread gas-jet discharge (methane seaps) and methane gas hydrates in ocean sediments has led to increased work on the geochemistry of methane in the ocean. The main discovery of microbiological research on this problem is the large-scale process of anaerobic oxidation of CY, carried out by a consortium of sulfate-reducing bacteria and methanol archaea. The most important geochemical effects of this process are: the flow of OT4 from bottom sediments to the water thickness is reduced, the isotope composition of the carbon of residual methane is weighted due to preferential consumption.

Previously, there was widespread hypothesis that microbial methanogenesis cannot occur in the upper horizons of marine sediment until most of the sulfate-ion of silt water is used by sulfate-receiving microorganisms. The presence of methane in modern ocean sediments by the authors of this hypothesis is explained by the processes of diffusion of methane from deeper precipitation horizons or from oil and gas deposits localized in sedimentary rocks under the ocean floor.

Результаты (английский) 3:

There are three main ecosystems on the seafloor: methane production and methane activity: the sedimentary ocean, in the sedimentary stage)（ The areas of methane unloading from the paleo sedimentoles of the continental margin (pyrogen) and the rift areas of the mid ocean ridge) are abiotic methane.
It is found that the gas-liquid separator (gas-liquid) and gas hydrate of methane are widely distributed in marine sediments, which leads to the increase of geochemical activity of methane in the ocean. The main discovery of microbial research on this problem is large-scale anaerobic oxidation process, By the hydrogen sulfide reducing bacteria and methanol nutrition archaeology Federation. The most important geochemical effect of this process is that the flow of water from the bottom of the sea to the water body is decreasing, The carbon isotopic composition of the remaining methane is increased by priority consumption.
Previously, it was generally believed that methane generation by microorganisms was impossible in the upper layer of marine sediments, So far, most sulfate ions or sludge will not be used by sulfate reducing microorganisms. The existence of methane in modern marine sediments is due to the diffusion of methane from deeper sediments or from oil and gas. A deposit located in sedimentary rock at the bottom of the sea.