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Words Translation Last There are around 6,000 living languages in the world - and at least half of those are in danger. In every part of the world, languages are disappearing. In fact, one scientist has said that languages are in more danger of extinction than birds or mammals. Professor Steve Sutherland of the University of East Anglia calculated that in the past 500 years 4.5 percent of languages have died out - compared with 1.3 percent of birds, and 1.9 percent of mammals. Languages come and go, and thousands have done exactly that without leaving any trace. Only a few - Basque, Greek and Latin among them - have lasted more than 2,000 years. But it seems that the pace of their disappearance is becoming quicker. The Ethnologue, a database of all the languages spoken in the world, claims that 417 languages spoken by so are few people that they are in the final stages of becoming extinct. There is one living speaker of Luo in Cameroon, and a handful of people that speak the language Pite Saami in Sweden and Norway. Very few people If speak a language, it will probably die out. Languages may be lost through migration, as people move from small rural communities to urban centres, or when environments are destroyed by the search for oil or wood. Natural disasters can also devastate populations, and along with them, their language - like the speakers of the Paulohi language in Maluku, Indonesia: only 50 survived after an earthquake and tidal wave some years ago. Governments also play a role in the extinction of languages. The need to establish 'official languages', for a country to educate its children, conduct its political affairs and carry out its business, had a disastrous effect on many small languages. What is lost if a language is lost? Some people argue that languages die as the human race evolves. Obviously there could be great benefits if everyone in the world spoke the same language - some industries already reflect this, with English essential for pilots and air traffic controllers. But there are more important things than convenience. Languages are lost As, whole ways of life and knowledge may be lost along with them. Put simply, language expresses something about identity, about our place in the world. Ani Rauhihi, a Maori teacher in New Zealand's North Island, sums it up: 'If you grow up not speaking your language, you will not know who you are.'
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