Пьер Огюст Ренуар (фр. Pierre-Augus

Пьер Огюст Ренуар (фр. Pierre-Auguste Renoir)
1841-1919
Французский живописец, график и скульптор, один из основных представителей импрессионизма. Ренуар известен в первую очередь как мастер светского портрета, не лишённого сентиментальности, а также как первый импрессионист, ставший популярным у состоятельных парижан.
Огюст Ренуар родился 25 февраля 1841 года в семье портного, в Лиможе, городе, расположенном на юге Центральной Франции. В 1844 году Ренуары переезжают в Париж, где Огюст поступает в церковный хор при большом соборе Сент-Эсташ. У него оказался такой восхитительный голос, что регент хора пытался убедить родителей мальчика отдать его учиться музыке. Ооднако в 13 лет у Огюста проявился дар хуоджника и он начал работать, устроившись к мастеру и расписывая фарфоровую посуду.
В 1890 году Ренуар женился на Алине Шариго. У них уже был сын, Пьер, родившийся в 1885 году, а после свадьбы у них появились ещё два сына — Жан, родившийся в 1894 году, и Клод, родившийся в 1901 и ставший одной из самых любимых моделей отца. К тому времени, когда окончательно сложилась его семья, Ренуар достиг успеха и славы, был признан одним из ведущих художников Франции и успел получить от государства звание кавалера Ордена Почётного легиона.
Личное счастье и профессиональный успех Ренуара были омрачены болезнями. В 1897 году Ренуар сломал правую руку, упав с велосипеда. В результате у него развился ревматизм, от которого он страдал всю оставшуюся жизнь. Из-за ревматизма Ренуару трудно стало жить в Париже, и в 1903 году семья Ренуаров переехала в усадьбу под названием «Колетт» в небольшом городке Кань-сюр-Мер.
После приступа паралича, случившегося в 1912 году, Ренуар был прикован к инвалидному креслу, однако продолжал писать кистью, которую вкладывала ему между пальцев сиделка.
В последние годы жизни Ренуар снискал славу и всеобщее признание. В 1917 году, когда его «Зонтики» были выставлены в Лондонской Национальной галерее, сотни британских художников и просто любителей живописи прислали ему поздравление, в котором говорилось: «С того момента, как ваша картина была вывешена в одном ряду с работами старых мастеров, мы испытали радость от того, что наш современник занял подобающее ему место в европейской живописи». Картина Ренуара выставлялась также в Лувре. В августе 1919 года художник в последний раз навестил Париж, чтобы взглянуть на неё.
2 декабря 1919 года Пьер Огюст Ренуар скончался в Кань-сюр-Мере от воспаления лёгких в возрасте 78 лет. Похоронен в Эссуа.

В целом творчество Ренуара можно разделить на 5 периодов.

1862—1873. Выбор жанров
В начале 1862 года Ренуар сдал экзамены в Школу изящных искусств при Академии художеств и записался в мастерскую Глейра, закончив обучение в 1864, при закрытии мастерской. Тогда Ренуар начал писать свои первые полотна и тогда впервые представил в Салон картину «Эсмеральда, танцующая среди бродяг». Её приняли, но когда холст вернулся к нему, автор его уничтожил. Творческая карьера Ренуара прерывалась в 1870—1871 годах, когда он был призван в армию во время франко-прусской войны, закончившейся поражением Франции.
В 1872 году Ренуар с друзьями создал «Анонимное кооперативное товарищество».

1874—1882. Борьба за признание
Первая выставка товарищества открылась 15 апреля 1874 года. Ренуар представил пастель и шесть живописных полотен, среди которых были «Танцовщица» и «Ложа» (обе — 1874). Выставка закончилась провалом, а члены товарищества получили оскорбительную кличку — «импрессионисты». Несмотря на бедность, именно в эти годы художник создал свои главные шедевры: «Большие бульвары» (1875), «Прогулка» (1875), «Бал в Мулен де ла Галетт» (1876), «Обнажённая» (1876), «Обнажённая в солнечном свете» (1876), «Качели» (1876), «Первый выезд» (1876/1877), «Тропинка в высокой траве» (1877). Ренуар постепенно перестал участвовать в выставках импрессионистов, благодаря чему наконец-то добился всеобщего признания.

1883—1890. «Энгровский период»
Ренуар побывал в Алжире, затем в Италии, где близко познакомился с работами классиков Возрождения, после чего его художественный вкус изменился. Источником вдохновения в этот период был Энгр, поэтому искусствоведы называют этот период в творчестве художника «энгровским». Сам Ренуар именовал этот период «кислым». Он написал серию картин «Танец в деревне» (1882/1883), «Танец в городе» (1883), «Танец в Буживале» (1883), а также такие полотна, как «В саду» (1885) и «Зонтики» (1881/1886), где ещё проглядывает импрессионистское прошлое, но проявляется новый подход Ренуара к живописи, она стала выглядеть более холодной и сдержанной.

1891—1902 «Перламутровый период»
В 1892 году у Дюран-Рюэля открылась большая выставка картин Ренуара, которая прошла с большим успехом. Признание пришло и от государственных чиновников — картина «Девушки за фортепьяно» (1892) была закуплена для Люксембургского музея.
Ренуар ездил в Испанию, где познакомился с творчеством Веласкеса и Гойи.
В начале 90-х годов в ренуаровском искусстве произошли новые перемены. В живописной манере появилась переливчатость цвета, отчего этот период иногда именуют «перламутровым».
В это время Ренуар написал такие картины как «Яблоки и цветы» (1895/1896), «Весна» (1897), «Сын Жан» (1900), «Портрет госпожи Гастон Бернхейм» (1901).

1903—1919 «Красный период»
«Перламутровый» период уступил место «красному», названному так из-за предпочтения оттенкам красноватых и розовых цветов.
Ренуар по-прежнему писал солнечные пейзажи, натюрморты с яркими цветами, портреты своих детей, обнаженных женщин, создал «Прогулку» (1906), «Портрет Амбруаза Воллара» (1908), «Габриэль в красной блузе» (1910), «Букет роз» (1909/1913), «Женщину с мандолиной» (1919).

Спасибо за внимание

Результаты (английский) 1:

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (French. Pierre-Auguste Renoir) 1841-1919French painter, graphic artist and sculptor, one of the main representatives of impressionism. Renoir is known primarily as a master of secular portraiture, not lišënnogo sentimentality, as well as the first Impressionist, becoming popular among wealthy Parisians. Auguste Renoir was born 25 February 1841 onwards in the family tailor in Limoges, a city located in South-Central France. In the year 1844 Renuary moved to Paris, where Auguste enters the church choir in the big Cathedral of Saint Eustache. He was such a delightful voice that Regent choir tried to convince parents of the boy to give him to study music. Those however in 13 years at the Auguste manifested Dar artist and he started to work, seated to the wizard and lettering the porcelain ware. In the year 1890 Renoir married Alina Šarigo. They already had a son, Pierre, born in 1885, and after the wedding, they got two sons, Jean, born in 1894, and Claude, born in 1901 and became one of the favorite models of the father. By the time finally formed his family, Renoir had achieved success and fame, was considered one of the leading artists in France and managed to obtain from the State title of Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur. Personal happiness and professional success Renoir were overshadowed by illness. In the year 1897 Renoir broke his right arm with the bike. As a result he developed rheumatic fever, from which he suffered for the rest of their lives. Due to rheumatism Renuars difficult it has become to live in Paris, and in the year 1903, the family moved to Renuarov estate called "Colette" in the small town of Cagnes-sur-Mer.After a bout of paralysis happened in year 1912, Renoir was confined to a wheelchair, but continued to paint with a brush, which invested it between fingers nurse.In the last years of his life, Renoir shot to fame and universal recognition. In 1917, the year when his "umbrellas" were exhibited at the London National Gallery, hundreds of British artists and art lovers just sent him congratulations, stating: "since your picture was placed on a par with the works of the old masters, we experienced the joy of what our contemporary took its rightful place in European painting. Renoir painting was exhibited also at the Louvre. In August 1919 the last time the artist visited Paris to take a look at it.December 2, 1919 year Pierre Auguste Renoir died in Cagnes-sur-Mer from pneumonia at the age of 78 years. He was buried in Èssua.Total creativity Renoir can be divided into 5 periods.1862-1873. Choice of genresAt the beginning of the year 1862 Renoir passed the exams in the School of fine arts at the Academy of fine arts and enrolled in the workshop of Glejra, graduating in 1864, at the closing of the workshop. Then Renoir began to write his first canvases and then first presented in Salon painting "Esmeralda, dancing among tramps." It took, but when the canvas returned to him, the author of it destroyed. Creative career was interrupted in 1870 by Renoir — 1871, when he was drafted into the army during the Franco-Prussian War, ending in the defeat of France. In 1872 year Renoir with friends created "Anonymous" cooperative society.1874-1882. The struggle for recognitionThe first exhibition of the Association opened April 15 1874 year. Renoir introduced pastels and six paintings, among which were "Dancer" and "Lodge" (both 1874). The exhibition ended in failure, and the members of the partnership have received offensive nickname — "the Impressionists". Despite poverty, precisely in these years the artist created their masterpieces: "Grands Boulevards" (1875), "walk" (1875), "ball at the Moulin de La Galette (1876)," Naked "(1876)," Naked in the sunshine "(1876)," Swing "(1876), the first exit (1876/1877)," footpath in the high grass "(1877). Renoir gradually ceased to participate in the Impressionist exhibitions, thereby finally achieved universal recognition. 1883-1890. "Èngrovskij period"Renoir went to Algiers, then in Italy, where the familiar with the works of classics of Renaissance, after which his artistic taste has changed. A source of inspiration in this period was therefore called by art historians Ingres, this period in the artist's oeuvre "èngrovskim". Renoir himself referred to this period as "sour". He wrote a series of paintings "dance in the village (1882/1883)," Dancing in the city "(1883)," dance in Bougival (1883), as well as such canvases as "in the garden" (1885) and "the umbrellas" (1881/1886), where the Impressionist looms, but manifested a new approach to the Renoir painting, she began to look more cool and restrained.1891-1902 "White period"In the year 1892 Durand-Rûèlâ opened a major exhibition of paintings by Renoir, which was a great success. Recognition came and from government officials is a painting "Girl for piano (1892) was bought for the Luxembourg Museum.Renoir traveled to Spain, where he became acquainted with the works of Velázquez and Goya.In the early 90-ies in the renuarovskom art there have been further changes. In a picturesque manner, causing color iridescence appeared during this period sometimes referred to as "mother".At this time, Renoir wrote such pictures as "apples and flowers (1895/1896)," Spring "(1897), son of Jean" (1900), a portrait of Mrs. Gaston by Bernheim (1901).1903-1919 red period ""Mother of Pearl" period gave way to the "red", named so because of the preference for shades of reddish-pink flowers.Renoir wrote still sunny landscapes, still lifes with bright flowers, portraits of their children, naked women, created a "walk" (1906), "portrait of Ambroise Vollard" (1908), "Gabrielle in red blouse" (1910), "bouquet of roses" (1909/1913), "a woman with a mandolin" (1919).Thank you for your attention

Результаты (английский) 2:

Pierre-Auguste Renoir (fr. Pierre-Auguste Renoir)
1841-1919
French painter, graphic artist and sculptor, one of the main representatives of Impressionism. Renoir is known primarily as a master of the secular portrait, not devoid of sentimentality, as well as the first impressionist, became popular among wealthy Parisians.
Auguste Renoir was born February 25, 1841 in the family of a tailor in Limoges, a city located in southern central France. In 1844, Renoir moved to Paris, where Auguste enters the church choir at the big cathedral of St. Eustache. He turned out to be such a wonderful voice that choir director tried to convince the boy's parents send him to study music. Oodnako 13 years, Auguste manifested huodzhnika gift and he began to work, sitting and writing to the master china.
In 1890, Renoir married Aline Charrigaud. They already had a son, Pierre, born in 1885, and after the wedding, they got two more sons - Jean, born in 1894, and Claude, born in 1901 and became one of the favorite models of the father. By the time finally formed his family, Renoir achieved success and fame, was recognized as one of the leading artists of France and managed to get from the state title of Chevalier of the Order of the Legion of Honor.
Personal happiness and professional success Renoir were marred by illness. In 1897, Renoir broke his right arm after falling from a bicycle. As a result, he developed rheumatic fever from which he suffered for the rest of life. Because rheumatic Renoir became difficult to live in Paris, and in 1903 the family Renoir moved to the estate called "Colette" in the small town of Cagnes-sur-Mer.
After an attack of paralysis that occurred in 1912, Renoir was confined to a wheelchair, but he continued to paint with a brush, which puts it between his fingers nurse.
In the last years of his life Renoir gained fame and universal recognition. In 1917, when his "umbrella" were exhibited at the National Gallery, hundreds of British artists and art lovers sent him a greeting, which said: "From the moment when your picture was posted on a par with the works of old masters, we We experience the joy of what our contemporaries took its rightful place in European painting. " Renoir's painting was exhibited in the Louvre. In August 1919 the artist last visited Paris to take a look at it.
December 2, 1919 Pierre Auguste Renoir died in Cagnes-sur-Mer from pneumonia at the age of 78 years. Buried in essoyes. In general, work by Renoir can be divided into five periods. 1862-1873. The choice of genres in early 1862 Renoir passed examinations in the School of Fine Arts at the Academy of Fine Arts and joined the studio of Gleyre, graduating in 1864, at the closing of the workshop. Then Renoir began to write his first canvases and was the first time presented in the Salon painting "Esmeralda dancing among the vagabonds." She accepted, but when he returned to his canvas, the author destroyed it. His career was interrupted by Renoir in the years 1870-1871, when he was drafted into the army during the Franco-Prussian War, which ended in defeat in France. In 1872, Renoir friends created "anonymous cooperative partnership". 1874-1882. The struggle for the recognition of the first exhibition of the Association opened April 15, 1874. Renoir introduced pastel and six paintings, among them "Dancer" and "The Lodge" (both - 1874). The exhibition ended in failure, and the members of the partnership received insulting nickname - "Impressionists." Despite the poverty, it is in these years, the artist created his major masterpieces: "Grands Boulevards" (1875), "Walk" (1875), "Ball at the Moulin de la Galette" (1876), "Nude" (1876), "Nude sunlight "(1876)," Swing "(1876)," The first departure "(1876/1877)," The path through the tall grass "(1877). Renoir gradually ceased to participate in the Impressionist exhibitions, thus finally achieved the universal recognition. 1883-1890. "Engrovsky period" Renoir traveled to Algeria, then to Italy, where he became closely acquainted with the works of classics of the Renaissance, and then of his artistic taste has changed. The source of inspiration in this period was Ingres, so art historians call this period in the artist's "engrovskim." Renoir himself referred to this period of "sour." He wrote a series of paintings "Dance in the Country" (1882/1883), "Dance in the City" (1883), "Dance at Bougival" (1883), as well as such canvases as "In the Garden" (1885) and "Umbrellas" (1881/1886), which still lurks impressionistic past, but there is a new approach to painting by Renoir, she began to look more cool and reserved. 1891-1902 "pearly period" in 1892 at the Durand-Ruel opens a major exhibition of paintings by Renoir, which took place with great success. Recognition came from government officials and - picture "Girls at the Piano" (1892) was purchased for the Luxembourg Museum. Renoir traveled to Spain, where he became acquainted with the works of Velazquez and Goya. In the early 90-ies in the art of Renoir's new changes have taken place. The painting style emerged iridescence colors, why this period is sometimes called the "pearl." At this time, Renoir wrote such films as "Apples and flowers" (1895/1896), "Spring" (1897), "The Son of Jean" (1900) "Portrait of Mrs. Gaston Bernheim" (1901). 1903-1919 "red period" "Pearl" period gave way to "red", so named because of the preference shades of reddish and pink color. Renoir was still writing sunny landscapes, still lifes with bright flowers, portraits of their children, naked women, created a "Walk" (1906), "Portrait of Ambroise Vollard" (1908), "Gabriel in a red blouse" (1910), "Bouquet of Roses" (1909/1913), "Woman with a Mandolin "(1919). Thank you for your attention

Результаты (английский) 3:

pierre auguste renoir (fr.. pierre auguste renoir)
1841 - 1919 - french painter, graphic artist and one of the main representatives of impressionism. renoir is known primarily as a secular portraitnot from of sentimentality, and as the first impressionist, became popular with wealthy parisians.
auguste renoir was born february 25, 1841, in the family tailor, лиможе, townlocated in south central france. in 1844 ренуары moved to paris, where auguste is in the church choir in the cathedral of saint eustache. he had a lovely voice.what did the club tried to convince the boy's parents give him to learn music. ооднако in 13 years, auguste was a gift хуоджника and he started to work, getting to the master and расписывая porcelain tableware.
in 1890, renoir married aline шариго. they had a son, pierre, who was born in 1885, but after the wedding they had two other sons jean, born in 1894, and claudeborn in 1901 and became one of the most popular models of the father. by the time the final was his family, renoir made his success and famewas recognized as one of the leading artists in france, and managed to obtain from the state the title of chevalier of the legion of honour.
personal happiness and professional success to escape were overshadowed by the disease.in 1897, renoir broke his right arm off the bike. as a result, he developed rheumatic disease, from which he suffered for the rest of my life. because of rheumatism ренуару it was living in paris.in 1903, the family moved to the manor ренуаров entitled "колетт» in the small town of cagnes sur mer.
stroke paralysis occurred in 1912, renoir was confined to a wheelchairhowever, continued writing brush, which invested between his fingers a nurse. in the last years of his life renoir had shot to fame and universal acceptance. in 1917,when his "relies also displayed in the london national gallery, hundreds of british artists and art lovers sent him a message, which said:" from the momentyour picture was posted in one of the works of the old masters, we have experienced the joy of what our contemporaries to reclaim their rightful place in europe was held. renoir painting was exhibited in the louvre.in august 1919, the last visited paris to see her.
2 december 1919, pierre auguste renoir died in cagnes sur extent of inflammation of lungs, aged 78 years. buried at essoyes.

in general, the escape can be divided into five periods.

1862 - 1873. the choice of genres. in early 1862, renoir exams in the school of fine arts at the academy of fine arts, and was recorded in a studio глейра,having finished his studies in 1864, at the conclusion of the workshop. then, renoir began writing his first paintings and then submitted for the first time at the salon picture "esmeralda dancing among the бродяг». she accepted, but when the canvas back to him,the author destroyed him. a career break in 1870 - 1871, to escape when he was enlisted in the army during the franco prussian war, ending in defeat of france.
in 1872, renoir friends created the "anonymous cooperative товарищество».

1874 and 1882. struggles for recognition. the first exhibition of the opened april 15, 1874. renoir introduced pastel and six of paintings.among them "and" танцовщица» ложа» (both - 1874). the exhibition ended in failure, and the associations were slanderous nickname - "импрессионисты». despite the poverty,in these years, the artist has created its main masterpieces: "big бульвары» (1875)," ride (1875), "ball in the moulin de la галетт» (1876)," обнажённая» (1876), "naked in the sun" (1876), "качели» (1876), the first выезд» (1876 / 1877)"the path to high траве» (1877). renoir gradually ceased to participate in exhibitions of impressionists, thereby finally has achieved universal recognition.

in 1883 and 1890. "энгровский"
renoir visited algeriathen in italy, where close met work classics revival, after which his artistic tastes have changed. the source of inspiration in this period was the ingreshowever critics have called this period the creative artist "энгровским». renoir himself referred to the period of "кислым». he wrote a series of paintings "dance in the village (1882 / 1883)," dancing in the city "(1883)," dance in the буживале» (1883)as well as such paintings as "саду» (1885) and" relies also (1881 / 1886), where there's a импрессионистское past, but is the new approach a renoir painting, she began to look more cold and distant.

1891 - 1902 "a pearl finish"
in 1892 at durand - рюэля opened a large exhibition paintings by renoir, who was a great success.the recognition came from public officials - painting "girl for фортепьяно» (1892) was purchased for the luxembourg museum.
renoir went to spain, where he met art velasquez, goya.
in the early 1990s ренуаровском art underwent new changes. in a manner of a переливчатость color, and this period is sometimes referred to as the "перламутровым».
at that time, renoir painted these paintings like "apples and an (1895 / 1896)," spring "(1897)," the son of жан» (1900), "portrait of gaston бернхейм» (1901).

1903, 1919" red "
" перламутровый» period with a "красному»,the said that because of the preference красноватых and shades of pink flowers.
renoir still wrote the landscapes, still life with vivid colors, pictures of their children, naked women, created the "прогулку» (1906)"portrait of ambroise воллара» (1908)," gabriel in the red блузе» (1910), "bouquet of roses" (1909 / 1913), "a woman with мандолиной» (1919).

thank you for your attention.