Аналого-цифровое преобразование пре

Аналого-цифровое преобразование предполагает выполнение трех операций: дискретизацию, квантование и цифровое кодирование измеряемой величины или функционально с ней связанного сигнала измерительной информации (далее просто сигнала). Поясним суть этих операций.
Операция дискретизации сводится к представлению непрерывного течение времени T сигнала x (t) рядом его мгновенных значений xq = x (tq), взятых в заданные, строго фиксированные моменты времени tq, которые называют моментами дискретизации.
Дискретизированный сигнал xд (t) в виде n мгновенных значений xq сигнала x (t) представлены на Только по этой конечной множеством мгновенных значений xq сигнала x (t) определяют результат измерения, а остальные значения сигнала не учитываются. При дискретизации переменного сигнала x (t) в течение времени T часть информации о нем теряется, что приводит к методической погрешности измерения; ее называют погрешностью дискретизации. Очевидно, она будет тем меньше, чем больше число мгновенных значений сигнала xq участвует в получении результата измерения. Интервал времени между двумя смежными моментами дискретизации и называют интервалом или шагом дискретизации. Временные диаграммы операций АЦП:
а - выходной сигнал, б - Дискретизированный сигнал
в - квантованный сигнал г - кодовый сигнал
Он может быть постоянным t = const (равномерная дискретизация) или переменным (неравномерная дискретизация). В ЦИП обычно используют равномерную дискретизацию как более простую для аппаратурной реализации, в этом случае называют также периодом дискретизации.
Квантования заключается в представлении непрерывной по значению (не по времени) величины в виде конечного числа фиксированных уровней квантования, где, создающие шкалу квантования .
В ЦИП квантования выполняется путем сравнения измеряемой величины с сеткой (шкале) уровней квантования, которые в данном процессе задаются равномерно или неравномерно с интервалом квантования

Результаты (английский) 1:

Analog-to-digital conversion involves the three operations: discretization and quantization, digital encoding of the measured value or functionally associated with it signal measurement information (hereinafter simply signal). Let us explain the essence of these operations.The sampling operation is confined to the submission of the continuous flow of time T signal x (t) near its instantaneous xq = x (tq) specified, strictly fixed points in time tq, which is called discretization points.The discretized signal xd (t) n instantaneous xq signal x (t) represented the Only on this ultimate many instantaneous xq signal x (t) define the measurement result and the remaining signal values are ignored. When sampling the alternating signal x (t) during the time T of the information about him is lost, resulting in methodological error of measurement; It is called the sampling error. Obviously, it will be less than the greater the number of instantaneous signal xq is involved in obtaining the measurement results. The time interval between two adjacent sampling moments and is called an interval or sampling rate. Temporary operations chart ADC:a-output signal b-Discretized signalin-quantized signal g-beep codeIt can be a constant t = const (uniform quantization) or variables (differential quantization). In the CEPT usually use uniform discretization as easier for hardware implementation, in this case, also referred to as the sampling period.Quantization is to provide continuous by value (not for time) values in the form of a fixed finite number of quantization levels, where creating a scale of quantization.The PRINCIPLE of quantization is performed by comparing the measured value with the mesh (scale) quantization levels that this process sets evenly or unevenly, with an interval of quantization

Результаты (английский) 2:

Analog-to-digital conversion involves the implementation of three operations: sampling, quantization and digitization of the measured value or functionally associated with it measurement data (hereinafter referred to simply signal). Let us explain the essence of these operations.
Sampling operation is reduced to the representation of a continuous period of time T of the signal x (t) near its instantaneous values ​​xq = x (tq), taken in a given strictly fixed points in time tq, which is called the sampling.
The sampled signal xd (t ) as n instantaneous values ​​of signal xq x (t) shown in this end only by a plurality of instantaneous values ​​of the measurement result determined xq x (t) signal and the other signal values ​​are not taken into account. When sampling x (t) signal for a variable time T of the information on it is lost, which leads to the methodological error of measurement; it is called the sampling error. Obviously, it will be the smaller, the greater the number of Instant xq signal values ​​involved in obtaining the measurement result. The time interval between two adjacent sampling moments and is called the sampling interval or step. Timing diagrams ADC operations:
a - output B - sampled signal
in - quantized signal g - code signal
It can be a constant t = const (uniform sampling) or variable (irregular sampling). The CIP typically use a uniform discretization of the more simple for hardware implementation, this case is also called sampling period.
Quantize is to provide a continuous meaningfully (not in time) value of a finite number of fixed quantization levels, where creating a quantization scale.
In the DRC quantization is performed by comparing the measured value with a grid (scale), the quantization levels which are set in this process with evenly or unevenly quantization intervals

Результаты (английский) 3:

analog to digital conversion involves three operations: дискретизацию, quantization and coding of digital measured values or functionally with associated signal measurement information (hereinafter simply signal). can these operations.the sampling rate is due to the continuous time t signal x (t) around its instantaneous xq = x ((tq) made by strictly fixed points of time (tq, which is called the sampling points.дискретизированный signal xд (t) in the form of n instantaneous xq signal x (t) are only on the end of the instantaneous xq signal x (t) to determine the result of the measurement, and the remaining values of the signal are not taken into account. the ac sampling signal (x (t) at time t of information about him is lost, which leads to methodical errors of measurement; it is called sampling error. obviously, it will be less, the more the number of the instantaneous signal xq is involved in obtaining the result of the measurement. the time interval between two adjacent sampling points is called interval or step sampling. the diagrams of adc.the output signal b is дискретизированный signalin квантованный signal, coded signalhe may be a constant t = const (uniform sampling) or variable (irregular sampling). the chicks are usually used as a дискретизацию more simple for аппаратурной implementation, in this case, also called the period of sampling.quantization is to provide continuous meaningfully (for the time) value in the form of a finite number of fixed levels of quantization, where the fixed quantization scale.the quantization is performed by comparing the measured values of chicks with mesh (scale) levels in the process of quantization, which are evenly or unevenly with the interval of quantization