Его давно уже считают непродуктивным; так как в течение многих столетий новые слова с ним не образовывались. В газетной лексике суффикс - shipс морфемой - man образует отвлеченные имена существительные се значением качества, признака: brinkmanship, craffmanship, oneumanship, showmanship.
То же можно сказать о непродуктивном суффиксе - don, который в газетной лексике стал употребляться для образования новых слов и таким образом обрел продуктивность. Например: bangdom, bogdom, suckerdom. Среди широко употребительных суффиксов следует назвать и суффикс глагола - ise (-ize), который особенно частотен в языке американских газет:
factionalize - выдумывать;
itemize - рассматривать по пунктам;
leonize - выходить в открытый космос (образовано от фамилии космонавта А.А. Леонова);
Institutionalize - узаконить. Например: Their march from Hyde Park to Trafalgar Square gave a sample of the massive strength, which the movement can mobilize to crush an evil (race discrimination) which had become almost institutionalized in Britain.
Westernize - европеизировать. Например: 18 000 pairs of eyes were recently westernized in Japan. Речь идет о косметической операции у японок c целью увеличения размера глаз на манер европейских.
Cреди общеупотребительных префиксов более частотными являются: Anti, - pre-; anti-apartheid, anti-fascist, pre-capitalist, pre-election (Амосова Н.Н., 2008: 299).
Конверсия
Переход из одной части речи в другую, приводящий к образованию нового слова без изменения его начальной формы. Это еще один источник неологизмов в английском языке. Образованные по конверсии, они широко распространены в газетной лексике. Высокая частотность слов, образованных по конверсии - одна из отличительных черт газетного стиля. Чаще всего это глаголы, образованные от существительных, и существительные, образованные от глаголов. Уместно отметить, что во вновь образованном слове нередко развиваются значения; лишь косвенно связанные со словом-основой.
Например, в паре to hit - a hit; можно наблюдать интересное развитие значения в имени существительном. В результате целого ряда переносов и переосмыслений значения a hit стало означать успех или то, что имеет успех.
Результаты (
английский) 1:
[копия]Скопировано!
It has long been considered unproductive; because for centuries the new words it is not formed. In a newspaper vocabulary of the suffix-ships morfemoj-man forms abstract nouns CE value quality, features: brinkmanship, craffmanship, oneumanship, showmanship.The same can be said of the unproductive suffix-don, who in a newspaper vocabulary became used to form new words, and thus gained its productivity. For example: bangdom, bogdom, suckerdom. Among the widely common suffixes include verb suffix-ise (-ize), which is particularly častoten in American newspapers:factionalize-invent;itemize-seen on items;leonize-go to the outdoor space (formed from the family name of astronaut A.a. Leonov);Institutionalize and legalize. For example: Their march from Hyde Park to Trafalgar Square gave a sample of the massive strength, which the movement can mobilize to crush an evil (race discrimination) which had become almost institutionalized in Britain.Westernize-Europeanization. For example: 18000 pairs of eyes were recently westernized in Japan. It is about Japanese women have cosmetic surgery to increase the size of the eye on European manners.Among the common prefixes more frequency are: Anti-, pre-; anti-apartheid, anti-fascist and capitalist, pre-pre-election (Amosov N., 2008: 299).ConversionThe transition from one part of speech to another, leading to the formation of new words without changing the startup form. This is another source of neologisms in English. Educated on the conversion, they are widely distributed in newspaper lexicon. High frequency words, formed by conversion is one of the distinctive features of newspaper style. Most often the verbs formed from nouns and nouns derived from verbs. It should be noted that the newly-formed Word frequently develop values; only indirectly connected with the word-basis.For example, paired to a hit-a hit; You can see an interesting development of the noun in the name value. As a result of a number of shifts and pereosmyslenij value of a hit was the mean success or what is a success.
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Результаты (
английский) 2:
[копия]Скопировано!
It has long been considered unproductive; because for centuries new words to him were not formed. The newspaper vocabulary suffix - ships morpheme - man forms abstract nouns ce value quality characteristic: brinkmanship, craffmanship, oneumanship, showmanship.
The same can be said about the unproductive suffix - don, who in a newspaper vocabulary began to be used for the formation of new words and thus I gained productivity. For example: bangdom, bogdom, suckerdom. Among the commonly used widely suffixes should be called and the verb suffix - ise (-ize), which is particularly frequencies in the language of American newspapers:
factionalize - invent;
itemize - considered the points;
leonize - spacewalk (formed from the name of the cosmonaut AA Leonov );
institutionalize - to legalize. For example: Their March from Hyde Park to Trafalgar Square Gave A sample of the Massive strength, Which CAN Mobilize the movement to an Crush Evil (Race discrimination) Which had Become Almost institutionalized in Britain.
Westernize - Europeanize. For example: 18 000 pairs of eyes were recently westernized in Japan. We are talking about cosmetic surgery in Japanese women c to increase the size of the eye in the manner of Europe.
Ranked Among the more commonly used prefixes frequency are: Anti, - pre-; anti-apartheid, anti-fascist, pre-capitalist, pre-election (Amosova NN 2008: 299).
Conversion of
transition from one part of speech to another, giving rise to a new word without changing its initial shape. This is another source of neologisms in the English language. Educated on the conversion, they are widespread in the newspaper vocabulary. High frequency words formed by conversion - one of the distinguishing features of newspaper style. The most common verbs formed from nouns and nouns derived from verbs. It is noteworthy that the newly formed word is often develop values; only indirectly connected with the word-base.
For example, in the pair to hit - a hit; You can watch an interesting development in the value of a noun. As a result, a number of transfers and the redefinition of the values of a hit has come to mean the success or something that is a success.
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