Важность выбора поставщика объясняе

Важность выбора поставщика объясняется не только функционированием на современном рынке большого количества поставщиков одинаковых материальных ресурсов, но и тем, что он должен быть прежде всего надежным партнером товаропроизводителя в реализации его стратегии организации производства.

Выбор поставщика осуществляется двумя способами.

Первый способ - анализ возможных вариантов и предложений осуществляет торговый агент предприятия, отвечающий за закупки. Он выбирает поставщика исходя прежде всего из наиболее низких закупочных цен, делает заказ, следит за его выполнением и старается разрешить возникающие вопросы.

Второй способ заключается в коллегиальном обсуждении возможностей и потребностей в поставках. Анализ проводится как на уровне отдела закупок предприятия, так и на уровне взаимодействия этого отдела с производственным, отделом контроля качества либо отделом сбыта.

Выявление и изучение источников закупки и поставки не является разовым мероприятием, а должно проводиться систематически, базируясь на различных источниках информации.

Обычные источники информации - это каталоги (в печатном или электронном виде), торговые журналы, различного рода рекламные объявления, прайс-листы, торговые директории (регистры) поставщиков и товаров, торговые представительства и др.

Каталоги наиболее известных источников снабжения содержат, например, информацию о производственных источниках, предложениях, перечень товаров, находящихся в наличии у дистрибьюторов, цены, размеры скидок и т. п. Торговые журналы, являясь ценным источником информации о потенциальных поставщиках, несут покупателю общую информацию о новой продукции и сырье, а также определенную рекламу.

Торговые директории или регистры - это источники, в которых приводятся списки основных производителей, их адреса, количество отделений, филиалы, продукция, в некоторых случаях финансовое положение или место в продажах. Они также содержат списки названий товаров на рынке с указанием их производителей и списки сырья и комплектующих с указанием названия и адреса поставщика. Информация в регистрах организована так, чтобы можно было вести поиск по типу товара, по его производителю или по названию товара.

Торговые представительства, возможно, являются одним из наиболее ценных, имеющихся в наличии средств информации об источниках снабжения, видах продукции и общей ситуации на рынке закупок.

Особое внимание в качестве средства информации об источниках снабжения отводится Интернету'. В последние годы Интернет в России активно используется для поиска партнеров по бизнесу, в том числе и для снабжения.

Большое количество и разнообразие потенциальных поставщиков, требуемых материальных ресурсов приводит к тому, что особое внимание уделяется проблеме выбора тех, которые могли бы с наибольшим эффектом обеспечить успешную производственно-сбытовую деятельность предприятия.

Возможны два направления выбора поставщика:

Выбор поставщика из числа компаний, которые уже были вашими поставщиками (или являются ими) и с которыми уже установлены деловые отношения. Это облегчает выбор, так как отдел закупок компании располагает точными данными о деятельности этих компаний.
Выбор нового поставщика в результате поиска и анализа требуемого рынка: рынка, с которым компания уже работает, или совершенно нового рынка (в случае принятия решения о диверсификации деятельности). Для проверки потенциального поставщика часто необходимо много времени и ресурсов, поэтому ее следует осуществлять только в отношении тех поставщиков из небольшого списка, которые действительно имеют серьезный шанс получить большой заказ. От потенциального поставщика, конкурирующего с существующими, ожидается более высокая эффективность.
Для повышения объективности оценки потенциального поставщика предприятия могут прибегнуть к услугам специализированных агентств, одной из функций которых является подготовка информации о поставщиках. Такой информацией, в частности, может быть оценка финансового положения поставщика по таким показателям, как ликвидность, чистая прибыль, оборачиваемость и др.

Критерии оценки и отбора поставщиков материальных ресурсов зависят от требований потребителей логистической системы и могут быть различными. Обычно их три-четыре, в отдельных случаях их может быть более 60. В то же время независимо от специфики отрасли, размера предприятия, особенностей производства важнейшими критериями в процессе оценки и отбора согласно требованиям закупочной логистики являются следующие.

1. Надежность снабжения.
2. Качество поставляемой продукции.
3. Приемлемая цена.
4. Удаленность генератора материальных потоков от потребляющей логистической системы.
5. Сроки выполнения текущих и экстренных заказов.
6. Способность обеспечить поставку запасных частей в течение всего срока службы поставленного оборудования.
7. Психологический климат в трудовом коллективе поставщика.
8. Организация управления качеством продукции у поставщика.
9. Кредитоспособность и финансовое положение поставщика.
10. Репутация и роль в своей отрасли.
11. Имидж.
12. Оформление товара (упаковка).
13. Наличие резервных мощностей у источника поставки. Майклом Р. Линдерсом и Харольдом Е. Фироном предлагается другая шкала критериев (критерии расположены в порядке приоритета).
1. Качество продукции.
2. Своевременность доставки (на основе фактов соблюдения или несоблюдения ими сроков поставок).
3. Цена (сравнение реальной цены с желаемой или с минимальной) у других поставщиков

Результаты (английский) 1:

The importance of choosing a provider explains not only the functioning on the market a large number of suppliers of the same material resources, but also that it should be first and foremost a reliable partner of the producers in the implementation of its strategy.The choice of supplier is carried out in two ways.The first way-an analysis of options and proposals carries out commercial agent company, responsible for procurement. He selects the supplier on the basis primarily of the lowest purchasing price, makes an order, monitors its implementation and tries to resolve emerging issues.The second way is to peer discussion opportunities and supply needs. Analysis is carried out both at the level of the Procurement Division and the level of interaction in this Division with the production, the quality control department or sales.Identification and examination of the sources of procurement and delivery is not a one-time exercise, and should be carried out systematically, based on various sources of information.The usual sources of information is the directories (printed or electronic), trade magazines, advertisements, price lists, trade directories (registries) and providers of goods, trade missions, etc.The catalogues of the best known sources of supply include, for example, information about production sources, proposals, a list of products that are available from distributors, prices, discounts, etc. Trade magazines as a valuable source of information about potential suppliers, buyer bear the General information on new products and raw materials, as well as some advertisements.Trade directories or registers is sources, which lists the main manufacturers, addresses, number of offices, branches, products, in some cases, financial position or place in sales. They also contain a list of names of goods on the market with an indication of their producers and lists of raw materials and components with the indication of the name and address of the supplier. The information in the registers is organized so that you can search by product type, by its manufacturer or by product name.Trade missions are perhaps one of the most valuable tools available information on sources of supply, product types and the general situation in the market.Particular attention as a means of information on the sources of supply are relegated to the Internet '. In recent years, the Internet in Russia is actively used to search for business partners, including for supplies.The large number and variety of potential suppliers, required material resources leads to the fact that special attention is paid to the choice of those who could most efficiently ensure successful production and marketing activities of the company.There are two possible directions: vendor selectionSelect a provider from the number of companies that have already been your suppliers (or them) and which is already established business relations. This facilitates selection of the Procurement Division of the company have precise data on the activities of these companies.Choosing a new supplier in the search result and analysis of the required market: market, which the company already operates, or a totally new market (in the case of a decision concerning diversification of activities). To verify the potential supplier often needs a lot of time and resources, it should therefore be carried out only in respect of those suppliers from a short list that actually have a serious chance to get a big order. From a potential supplier, competing with existing, greater efficiency is expected.To increase the objectivity of the evaluation of potential supplier companies can retain the services of specialized agencies, one of which is the preparation of information on suppliers. Such information, in particular, may be the vendor's financial situation evaluation metrics such as liquidity, net profit, turnover, etc.The criteria for the evaluation and selection of suppliers of material resources depend on consumers ' requirements and logistics system may be different. They are usually three or four, in some cases, there may be more than 60. At the same time, regardless of the specific industry, size of company, the production features the most important criteria in the evaluation and selection process according to the requirements of the procurement logistics are as follows.1. Security of supply.2. Quality of supplied products.3. Reasonable price.4. the remoteness of material flow generator from consuming logistics system.5. current deadlines and emergency orders.6. Ability to ensure supply of spare parts during the lifetime of the equipment supplied.7. The psychological climate in the workplace provider.8. the Organization of quality control from the vendor.9. the Solvency and financial position of the supplier.10. Reputation and role in its industry.11. Image.12. registration of the product (packaging).13. the existence of spare capacity at the source of supply. Michael r. Lindersom and Harold e. Fironom is invited to another scale criteria (criteria are in order of precedence).1. Product quality.2. Timeliness of delivery (on the basis of facts or their failure to comply with delivery terms).3. Price (actual price comparison with the desired or minimum) from other suppliers

Результаты (английский) 2:

The importance of choosing a supplier due not only to the functioning of the market today a large number of suppliers of the same material resources, but also that he should be first and foremost a reliable partner for producers in the implementation of its strategy the organization of production. Supplier selection is carried out in two ways. The first way - the analysis of options and offers salesperson carries the company in charge of procurement. He chooses a supplier based primarily on the lowest purchase price, making the order, monitors its implementation and tries to resolve the questions. The second way is a collegial discussion of opportunities and needs in supply. The analysis is performed both at the level of the purchasing department of the enterprise, and the level of cooperation of the department with the production, quality control department or the sales department. The identification and study of sources of procurement and supply is not a one-off event, and should be carried out systematically, based on different sources of information. Common sources of information - it's catalogs (in printed or electronic form), trade journals, various advertisements, price lists, trade directories (registers) of suppliers and products, trade missions, and others. Catalogues of the most prominent sources of supply include, for example, information on industrial sources, offers, list of products which are available from distributors, prices, discounts and so on. n. Trade magazines, as a valuable source of information on potential suppliers, are the buyer general information about new products and raw materials, as well as some advertising. Trade directories or registers - are sources where the lists of the main producers, their addresses, the number of offices, branches, products, in some cases, financial situation or place in sales. They also contain a list of the names of the goods on the market with their producers and lists of raw materials and components with the name and address of the supplier. The information in the registers is organized so that it can be searched by product type, according to its manufacturer or by product name. Trade missions are perhaps one of the most valuable means available information on sources of supply, the kinds of products and the general situation on the market procurement. The special attention as a means of information about the sources of supply assigned to the Internet. " In recent years, the Internet in Russia is actively used to search for business partners, including for the supply. A large number and variety of potential suppliers, the required material resources leads to the fact that special attention is paid to the choice of those who could most effectively provide the successful production and marketing activities of the company. There are two areas of choice of supplier: Supplier Selection of the number of companies that have already been your suppliers (or are they), and which is already established business relationships. This facilitates the selection, as the purchasing department of the company has accurate information about the activities of these companies. The choice of a new supplier as a result of the search and analysis required by the market: the market, which the company already operates, or a completely new market (in the case of a decision on the diversification of activities). To test the potential supplier often need a lot of time and resources, so it should be done only for those vendors from a short list that really have a serious chance to get a big order. From a potential supplier competing with the existing ones, is expected to better performance. To improve the objectivity of the evaluation of the potential supplier companies can hire the services of specialized agencies, one of their functions is to prepare information about suppliers. Such information may in particular be an assessment of the financial position of the supplier on indicators such as liquidity, net profit, turnover, and others. The criteria for evaluation and selection of suppliers of material resources depend on the requirements of consumers and the logistics system may be different. They are usually three or four, and in some cases there may be more than 60. At the same time, regardless of the specifics of the industry, the size of enterprises, especially the production of the most important criteria in the evaluation and selection according to the requirements of the procurement logistics are as follows. 1. Security of supply. 2. The quality of the products supplied. 3. Affordable price. 4. Distance generator from consuming material flow logistics system. 5. Period of current and emergency orders. 6. The ability to provide spare parts for the entire life of the equipment. 7. The psychological climate in the workplace provider. 8. Organization of quality control at the supplier. 9. Creditworthiness and financial position of the company. 10. The reputation and role in its industry. 11. Image. 12. Clearance of goods (packaging). 13. Availability of spare capacity at the source of supply. Michael R. Leenders and Harold E. Fearon proposed another range of criteria (criteria are ranked in order of priority). 1. The quality of products. 2. Timeliness of delivery (based on the facts of compliance or non-compliance with delivery dates). 3. Price (comparison with the real value with a desired or minimum) from other suppliers

Результаты (английский) 3:

the importance of the choice of the supplier is not only because of the large number of suppliers on the market today are the material resources, but also thehe should be particularly reliable partner товаропроизводителя implementation strategy the choice of supplier production.



is carried out in two ways.the first method is the analysis of possible options and proposals by the trade agent enterprises, responsible for the procurement. he chooses the supplier based on the first of the lowest purchase price, order,