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Pierre-Auguste Renoir (fr. Pierre-Auguste Renoir)
1841-1919
French painter, graphic artist and sculptor, one of the main representatives of Impressionism. Renoir is known primarily as a master of the secular portrait, not devoid of sentimentality, as well as the first impressionist, became popular among wealthy Parisians.
Auguste Renoir was born February 25, 1841 in the family of a tailor in Limoges, a city located in southern central France. In 1844, Renoir moved to Paris, where Auguste enters the church choir at the big cathedral of St. Eustache. He turned out to be such a wonderful voice that choir director tried to convince the boy's parents send him to study music. Oodnako 13 years, Auguste manifested huodzhnika gift and he began to work, sitting and writing to the master china.
In 1890, Renoir married Aline Charrigaud. They already had a son, Pierre, born in 1885, and after the wedding, they got two more sons - Jean, born in 1894, and Claude, born in 1901 and became one of the favorite models of the father. By the time finally formed his family, Renoir achieved success and fame, was recognized as one of the leading artists of France and managed to get from the state title of Chevalier of the Order of the Legion of Honor.
Personal happiness and professional success Renoir were marred by illness. In 1897, Renoir broke his right arm after falling from a bicycle. As a result, he developed rheumatic fever from which he suffered for the rest of life. Because rheumatic Renoir became difficult to live in Paris, and in 1903 the family Renoir moved to the estate called "Colette" in the small town of Cagnes-sur-Mer.
After an attack of paralysis that occurred in 1912, Renoir was confined to a wheelchair, but he continued to paint with a brush, which puts it between his fingers nurse.
In the last years of his life Renoir gained fame and universal recognition. In 1917, when his "umbrella" were exhibited at the National Gallery, hundreds of British artists and art lovers sent him a greeting, which said: "From the moment when your picture was posted on a par with the works of old masters, we We experience the joy of what our contemporaries took its rightful place in European painting. " Renoir's painting was exhibited in the Louvre. In August 1919 the artist last visited Paris to take a look at it.
December 2, 1919 Pierre Auguste Renoir died in Cagnes-sur-Mer from pneumonia at the age of 78 years. Buried in essoyes. In general, work by Renoir can be divided into five periods. 1862-1873. The choice of genres in early 1862 Renoir passed examinations in the School of Fine Arts at the Academy of Fine Arts and joined the studio of Gleyre, graduating in 1864, at the closing of the workshop. Then Renoir began to write his first canvases and was the first time presented in the Salon painting "Esmeralda dancing among the vagabonds." She accepted, but when he returned to his canvas, the author destroyed it. His career was interrupted by Renoir in the years 1870-1871, when he was drafted into the army during the Franco-Prussian War, which ended in defeat in France. In 1872, Renoir friends created "anonymous cooperative partnership". 1874-1882. The struggle for the recognition of the first exhibition of the Association opened April 15, 1874. Renoir introduced pastel and six paintings, among them "Dancer" and "The Lodge" (both - 1874). The exhibition ended in failure, and the members of the partnership received insulting nickname - "Impressionists." Despite the poverty, it is in these years, the artist created his major masterpieces: "Grands Boulevards" (1875), "Walk" (1875), "Ball at the Moulin de la Galette" (1876), "Nude" (1876), "Nude sunlight "(1876)," Swing "(1876)," The first departure "(1876/1877)," The path through the tall grass "(1877). Renoir gradually ceased to participate in the Impressionist exhibitions, thus finally achieved the universal recognition. 1883-1890. "Engrovsky period" Renoir traveled to Algeria, then to Italy, where he became closely acquainted with the works of classics of the Renaissance, and then of his artistic taste has changed. The source of inspiration in this period was Ingres, so art historians call this period in the artist's "engrovskim." Renoir himself referred to this period of "sour." He wrote a series of paintings "Dance in the Country" (1882/1883), "Dance in the City" (1883), "Dance at Bougival" (1883), as well as such canvases as "In the Garden" (1885) and "Umbrellas" (1881/1886), which still lurks impressionistic past, but there is a new approach to painting by Renoir, she began to look more cool and reserved. 1891-1902 "pearly period" in 1892 at the Durand-Ruel opens a major exhibition of paintings by Renoir, which took place with great success. Recognition came from government officials and - picture "Girls at the Piano" (1892) was purchased for the Luxembourg Museum. Renoir traveled to Spain, where he became acquainted with the works of Velazquez and Goya. In the early 90-ies in the art of Renoir's new changes have taken place. The painting style emerged iridescence colors, why this period is sometimes called the "pearl." At this time, Renoir wrote such films as "Apples and flowers" (1895/1896), "Spring" (1897), "The Son of Jean" (1900) "Portrait of Mrs. Gaston Bernheim" (1901). 1903-1919 "red period" "Pearl" period gave way to "red", so named because of the preference shades of reddish and pink color. Renoir was still writing sunny landscapes, still lifes with bright flowers, portraits of their children, naked women, created a "Walk" (1906), "Portrait of Ambroise Vollard" (1908), "Gabriel in a red blouse" (1910), "Bouquet of Roses" (1909/1913), "Woman with a Mandolin "(1919). Thank you for your attention
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