Конве́нция ООН о права́х ребёнка —

Конве́нция ООН о права́х ребёнка — международный правовой документ, определяющий права детей в государствах-участниках. Конвенция о правах ребёнка является первым и основным международно-правовым документом обязательного характера, посвящённым широкому спектру прав ребёнка. Документ состоит из 54 статей, детализирующих индивидуальные права лиц в возрасте от рождения до 18 лет (если согласно применимым законам совершеннолетие не наступает ранее) на полное развитие своих возможностей в условиях, свободных от голода и нужды, жестокости, эксплуатации и других форм злоупотреблений. Участниками Конвенции о правах ребёнка являются Святой Престол, Палестина и все страны-члены ООН, кроме США[1].


Статьи 1-4 определяют понятие «ребенок», утверждают приоритетность интересов детей и обязательство государств-участников принимать меры для свободного от дискриминации осуществления прав, закреплённых в Конвенции.

Статьи 5-11 определяют перечень прав на жизнь, имя, гражданство, право знать своих родителей, право на заботу родителей и на неразлучение, права и обязанности родителей по отношению к детям.

Статьи 12-17 излагают права детей на выражение своих взглядов, своего мнения, на свободу мысли, совести и религии, ассоциаций и мирных собраний, доступ ребёнка к распространению информации.

Статьи 18-27 определяют обязанности государства помогать родителям и законным опекунам, а также защищать детей от жестокого обращения со стороны лиц, заботящихся о них, права детей, лишённых семейного окружения или усыновляемых, неполноценных в умственном или физическом отношении, беженцев, права детей на здравоохранение, социальное обеспечение и уровень жизни, необходимый для их развития.

Статьи 28-31 закрепляют права детей на образование, пользование родным языком и культурой, исповедование своей религии, отдых и досуг.

Статьи 32-36 устанавливают ответственность государства в защите прав детей от эксплуатации, от незаконного употребления наркотиков, совращения, похищения и торговли детьми.

Статьи 37-41 запрещают применять смертную казнь и пожизненное тюремное заключение без возможности освобождения за преступления, совершённые до возраста 18 лет, запрещают пытки и унизительные наказания детей, определяют права ребёнка при его обвинении в преступных деяниях или лишении свободы, а также права детей на защиту во время вооружённых конфликтов и войн. Государства обязуются принимать меры к реабилитации и социальной реинтеграции детей-жертв пренебрежения, эксплуатации или злоупотребления, и сохраняют за собой право защищать права ребёнка в более высокой степени, чем предусмотрено Конвенцией.

Статьи 42-45 рассказывают о Комитете по правам ребёнка, о его структуре, функциях, правах и обязанностях, а также обязывают государства информировать детей и взрослых о принципах и положениях Конвенции.

Статьи 46-54 указывают решение процедурно-правовых проблем соблюдения государствами положений Конвенции. В отличие от многих конвенций ООН, Конвенция о правах ребёнка открыта для подписания всеми государствами, поэтому её участником смог стать и не являющийся членом ООН Святой Престол.

Результаты (английский) 1:

UN Konvéncija praváh child is an international legal instrument that defines the rights of children in States parties. The Convention on the rights of the child is the first and principal international legal instrument of a binding nature, devoted to a broad spectrum of the rights of the child. The document consists of 54 articles that detail the individual rights of persons aged from birth to 18 years of age (if under the applicable law majority is attained earlier) to the full development of their capacities in environment free from hunger and want, cruelty, exploitation and other forms of abuse. Parties to the Convention on the rights of the child are the Holy See, Palestine and all UN member countries except the United States [1].Article 1-4 define the concept of "child", claim the priority of the interests of children and the obligation of States parties to take measures to free of discrimination the enjoyment of the rights enshrined in the Convention.Article 5-11 defines a list of rights to life, name, citizenship, the right to know his or her parents, the right to parental care and unity, rights and duties of parents towards their children.Article 12-17 set out the right of children to express their views, opinions, to freedom of thought, conscience and religion, Association and peaceful assembly, the access of children to information dissemination.Article 18-27 defines the State's obligation to assist parents and guardians, as well as to protect children from abuse by individuals who care about them, the rights of children deprived of a family environment or adoptable, mentally and physically disabled, refugees, children's right to health care, social security and standard of living necessary for their development.Article 28-31 fix children's right to education, the use of the mother tongue and culture, to practise their religion, recreation and leisure.Article 32-36 establishes the responsibility of the State in protecting children from exploitation, illicit drug use, abuse, abduction and sale of children.Article 37-41 prohibit the imposition of the death penalty and life imprisonment without possibility of release for offences committed before the age of 18 years, prohibit torture and humiliating punishment of children, define the rights of the child in its prosecution of criminal acts or deprivation of liberty, as well as the right of children to protection during armed conflicts and wars. States undertake to take measures for the rehabilitation and social reintegration of child victims of neglect, exploitation or abuse, and reserve the right to protect the rights of the child in a higher degree than provided for in the Convention.Article 42-45 tell of the Committee on the rights of the child, its structure, functions, rights and obligations, as well as oblige States to inform adults and children about the principles and provisions of the Convention.Article 46-54 decision point procedure-legal problems of compliance by States with the provisions of the Convention. In contrast to many UN conventions, the Convention on the rights of the child shall be open for signature by all States, so her party could become and is not a member of the Holy see to the UN.

Результаты (английский) 2:

The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child - the international legal document that defines the rights of children in the Member States. Convention on the Rights of the Child is the first and major international legal instrument binding dedicated to a wide range of children's rights. The document consists of 54 articles detailing the individual rights of persons between the ages of birth to 18 years of age (if under applicable law majority is attained earlier) to the full development of their capabilities in an environment free from hunger and poverty, cruelty, exploitation and other forms of abuse. The participants of the Convention on the Rights of the child is the Holy See, Palestine and all UN member countries except the United States. [1]


Articles 1-4 define the term "child", claim the priority of the interests of children and the obligation of States parties to take measures to non-discriminatory implementation of rights enshrined in the Convention.

Articles 5-11 define a list of rights to life, name and nationality, the right to know their parents, the right to parental care and nerazluchenie, rights and duties of parents towards their children.

Articles 12-17 set out the right of children to express their views and opinions and to freedom of thought, conscience and religion, association and peaceful assembly, access to information dissemination of the child.

Articles 18-27 define the state's duty to help parents and legal guardians, as well as to protect children from abuse by caregivers for them, the rights of children deprived of their family environment or adoptees, mentally or physically disabled, refugees, children's right to health, social security and standard of living adequate for their development.

Articles 28-31 reinforce the rights of children to education, the use of the mother tongue and culture, practice their religion, rest and leisure.

Articles 32-36 establish the state's responsibility to protect the rights of children from exploitation, from illicit drug use, abuse, abduction and trafficking of children.

Articles 37-41 prohibit the death penalty and life imprisonment without the possibility of release for crimes committed before the age of 18 years, prohibit torture and humiliating punishment of children, the rights of the child is determined by its accusation of criminal conduct or imprisonment, as well as the right of children to protection during armed conflict and war. States shall take measures for the rehabilitation and social reintegration of neglect of child victims of abuse or exploitation, and retain the right to protect the child's rights to a higher degree than that provided by the Convention.

Articles 42-45 tell of the Committee on the Rights of the Child, its structure, functions, rights and obligations, and also require States to inform children and adults about the principles and provisions of the Convention.

Articles 46-54 indicate overcome procedural and legal issues of compliance by States of the Convention. Unlike many UN conventions on the Rights of the Child Convention is open for signature by all States, so it could become a participant and not a member of the UN Holy See.

Результаты (английский) 3:

конве́нция un права́х child - an international legal instrument on the rights of the child in the states parties. the convention on the rights of the child, is the first and main international legally binding instrument devoted to a broad spectrum of the rights of the child. the paper consists of 54 articles, детализирующих individual rights of persons aged from birth to 18 years of age (if under the applicable laws of majority does not occur earlier) to the full development of their capacities in an environment free from hunger and poverty, violence, exploitation, and other forms of abuse. parties to the convention on the rights of the child, the holy see, palestine and all un member states except the united states [1].article 1 - 4 definition of "child", say the priority of the interests of children, and the obligation of states parties to take measures to free from discrimination, of the rights enshrined in the convention.article 5 - 11, define the scope of the right to life, the name, nationality, the right to know its parents, the right to care for parents and неразлучение, rights and duties of parents to their children.article 12 - 17 set out the right of children to express their views, opinions, to freedom of thought, conscience and religion, of association and peaceful assembly, the access of children to information dissemination.article 18 - 27 to determine the duty of the state to help parents and legal guardians, and to protect children from abuse by their caregivers, children deprived of family environment or involved, the inferior mental or physical aspect, refugees, children"s right to health care, social welfare and standard of living necessary for their development.article 28 - 31 holds the right to education of children, of their native language and culture, the practice of their religion, leisure and recreation.article 32 - 36 specifies the responsibility of the state to protect the rights of children from exploitation, illegal drug use, abuse, kidnapping and trafficking of children.article 37 - 41 prohibits the use of the death penalty or life imprisonment without possibility of release for crimes committed before the age of 18, prohibit torture and humiliating punishment of children, determine the right child in the charge of criminal acts or deprivation of liberty, as well as the right of children to protection during armed conflicts and wars. the state shall take measures for the rehabilitation and social reintegration of children victims of neglect, exploitation or abuse, and reserve the right to protect the rights of the child to a higher extent than provided for in the convention.article 42 - 45 out of the committee on the rights of the child, its structure, functions, rights and obligations, and also require the public