Лондон XIX столетия — город контрас

Лондон XIX столетия — город контрастов. С одной стороны, он был столицей крупнейшего государства в мире — Британской империи, экономическим и политическим центром мира, а с другой — городом, где в трущобах, практически без средств к существованию, жили миллионы бедняков. В столице появились целые промышленные районы, и самый известный из них — Ист-Энд, ставший противоположностью фешенебельного Вест-Энда. Надо сказать, с точки зрения английского языка это вполне логично: Ист-Энд (англ. East End) переводится как «Восточный край», а Вест-Энд (англ. West End) — как «Западный край», то есть даже этимологически эти два района представляют собой два края, две стороны одного города. В XIX веке в облике Лондона произошли кардинальные изменения. В 1836 году была открыта первая железная дорога, соединившая Лондонский мост и Гринвич, и меньше чем за 20 лет открылось 6 вокзалов. В 1863 году в Лондоне появилось первое в мире метро. Кроме того, в XIX веке были построены Биг-Бен, Альберт-Холл, комплекс Трафальгарской площади, Тауэрский мост. Впервые за всю историю существования Лондона появилась канализация. В XIX веке была реформирована система городского самоуправления, так как старая система, существовавшая ещё со Средних веков, явно не отвечала требованиям разросшегося мегаполиса. В 1855 году был создан Столичный комитет по работам (англ. Metropolitan Board of Works), контролировавший городское строительство и создание инфраструктуры. В 1888 году этот орган ликвидировали, а административные функции были впервые возложены на выборный орган — Лондонский окружной совет (англ. London County Council).В 1851 году Лондон принял выставку. В середине века Лондон впервые столкнулся с массовой иммиграцией. Особенно большой приток приезжих шёл из Ирландии. Также в городе образовалась большая еврейская община.

Результаты (английский) 1:

19th century London is a city of contrasts. On the one hand, it was the capital of the largest States in the world, the British Empire, economic and political center of the world, and the city where slums, practically without means of subsistence, millions of poor people lived. In the capital there were whole industrial districts, and the most famous of them is East end, which has opposite the fashionable West end. I must say, from the point of view of the English language is quite logical: the East end (Engl. East End) is translated as "East land", and the West end (Engl. West End) — as "Westfall", that is, even etymologically the two areas represent two ends, two sides of the city. In the 19th century in the form of a dramatic change in London. In 1836, the first railway was opened, linking London Bridge and Greenwich, and in less than 20 years has 6 stations. In the year 1863 in London was the first in the world. In addition, in the 19th century were built the Big Ben, the Albert Hall, complex of Trafalgar Square, the Tower Bridge. For the first time in the history of London's sewerage system has appeared. In the 19th century, the reformed system of municipal government, as the old system, existed since the middle ages, clearly does not meet the requirements of this rapidly expanding metropolis. In 1855, was established the Committee on Capital works (Engl. The Metropolitan Board of Works), which urban development and infrastructure. In 1888, it eliminated, and administrative functions were entrusted to an elected body, the London County Council (Engl. London County Council) in 1851, London took the show. In the middle of the century London first encountered a mass immigration. A particularly large influx of immigrants came from Ireland. The city has a large Jewish community.

Результаты (английский) 2:

London XIX century - a city of contrasts. On the one hand, it was the capital of the largest state in the world - the British Empire, economic and political center of the world, and on the other - a city where in the slums, with little or no means of livelihood, lived millions of poor people. In the capital there were whole industrial areas, and the most famous of them - East End, became the opposite of the fashionable West End. I must say, in terms of English language is quite logical: East End (English East End) is translated as "East region", and the West End (born West End) - as "western edge", ie even etymologically these two areas represent two ends, two sides of the city. In the XIX century in the form of London underwent major changes. In 1836 opened the first railway connecting London Bridge and Greenwich, and less than 20 years, opened 6 stations. In 1863 in London there was the world's first subway. In addition, in the XIX century were built Big Ben, Albert Hall, Trafalgar Square Complex, Tower Bridge. First time in the history of the London sewerage appeared. In the XIX century was reformed system of municipal government, as the old system, which has existed since the Middle Ages, clearly did not meet the requirements of the sprawling metropolis. In 1855 was created the Metropolitan committee work (English Metropolitan Board of Works), which controlled the urban construction and infrastructure. In 1888, this body was liquidated, and administrative functions were first assigned to an elected body - London District Council (born London County Council). In 1851, London took the exhibition. In mid-century London for the first time confronted with mass immigration. Particularly large influx of immigrants came from Ireland. Also, the city formed a large Jewish community.

Результаты (английский) 3:

London XIX century - the city contrasts. On the one hand, it was the capital's largest state in the world - British empire, economic and political center for peace, and on the other hand, the city, where in slums,Almost without means of livelihood, lived millions of poor people. In the capital there are entire industrial areas, and the most famous of them - East End, which has become a fashionable opposite the West End. I have to say,From the point of view of English language that is quite logical: East End (imp. East End) is translated as "the edge of the East", and the West End (imp. West End) - such as "West the edge of the",That is even etymology these two area are a two edges, the two parties one city. In the nineteenth century in Amsterdam London had undergone drastic changes. In 1836, opened the first road, railwayPicnics London Bridge and Greenwich, and less than 20 years was opened on 6 stations. In 1863 in London there is the first in the world underground. In addition, in the nineteenth century were built Big Ben, Albert Hall,The Trafalgar Square, Tower Bridge. First time in the history of the existence of London there was a sewage. In the nineteenth century was reformed system urban self-government, as the old system,The prevailing even with medium-sized centuries, clearly did not meet the requirements can actually lead metropolis. In 1855, capital has been established the Committee on work (imp. Metropolitan board of works).Who controlled urban construction and the building of infrastructure. In 1888, this body has eliminated, and administrative functions were first assigned to an elected body, the London County Council (imp.London County Council) .In 1851, London had an exhibit. In the mid-first century London for the first time faced with mass immigration. Especially a large influx visitors came from Ireland. Also in the city a large Jewish community.