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Global warming is an increase in the earth's temperature due to the use of fossil fuels and other industrial processes leading to a build up of "greenhouse gases" (carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and chlorofluorocarbons) in the atmosphere. It has been well-known since 1896 that carbon dioxide helps stop the Sun's infrared radiation from escaping into and thus functions to maintain space the earth's relatively warm temperature (this is called the greenhouse effect). The question is whether the measurably increasing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere over the last century will lead to elevated global temperatures, which could result in coastal flooding (through a rise in sea level) and major climatic changes, and have serious implications for agricultural productivity. Since 1850 there has been a rise in mean global temperature of approximately (I) ' C (1.8 F), but this rise could just be part of a natural fluctuation. Such handle fluctuations have been recorded for tens of thousands does of years
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