2. Научная новизна и практическая з

2. Научная новизна и практическая значимость проекта

Настоящий проект является первым целенаправленным комплексным исследованием возможности замены традиционно применяемой зональной технологии и системы сельхозмашин возделывания и уборки хлопка-сырца и сопутствующих к ним культур на агроландшафтной технологий и системы машин нового поколение:
• Сущность нового способа обработки почвы, заключается в том, что агрегат производит щадящую обработку почвы, исключая ее отвальную вспашку, и тем самым предотвращает нарушение ее структуры, предохраняет ее от деградации и сохраняет ее плодородие;
• Сущность предлагаемой новой технологии (по проекту) заключается проведением полосного рыхления почвы в зоне борозды на глубину 35 см от его дна в осенний период комбинированным агрегатом за один проход, локальным внесением минерального удобрения в два яруса на глубину до 15 см и 25 см в зону будущих рядков посева хлопковых семян, нарезки новых гряд за счет разрушения старых гряд и сдвига почвы в зону старых борозд. При этом в новых грядах образуется слой рыхлой почвы толщиной до 45-55 см против 40 см при проведении глубокой отвальной вспашки;
• Агрегат за один проход одновременно разрыхляет дно прошлогодней борозды, отваливает гряду в борозду, формирует новую гряду с внесением в нее в виде ленты минеральных удобрений в два яруса: в стартовое место посадки семени культур и основное в зону развития корневой системы растения. Этим исключаются такие операции как нарезки, планировка земли, чизелевание, боронование, молавание, внесение удобрений , нарезка борозд, формирование гряд;
• Рыхление почвы производится синусоидально по фронтальной проекции, при этом благодаря поочередному рыхлению почвы, вспашка земли производится практически один раз в два года, а под грядой образуется глубокий рыхлый слой, обеспечивающий большее удержание влаги в зоне развития корней системы растения и экономию расхода поливной воды;
• Несмотря на то, что данный агрегат за один проход выполняет несколько операции, его производительность намного выше, чем у пахотного агрегата, потому, что используя специальные рыхлительные органы, благодаря этому он испытывает меньшее сопротивление и ширина захвата больше, чем у пахотного агрегата;
В весенний период проводится формирование гряд и предпосевное внесение минеральных удобрений для посева хлопчатника под пленку. Отпадает необходимость проведения традиционных приемов по боронованию, планировке, чизелеванию, малованию почвы;

Результаты (английский) 1:

2. scientific novelty and practical importance of the project

This project represents the first comprehensive study of the possibility of replacing focused traditionally used zonal agricultural technologies and systems of cultivation and harvesting of raw cotton and these crops at agrolandšaftnoj technologies and systems: new generation:
• Essence of new method of soil preparation is that the unit produces gentle soil cultivation, excluding its otval′nuû tilling, and thereby prevents violation of its structure, protects it from degradation and retains its fertility;
• The nature of the proposed new technology (on the draft) is the band ripping in the furrow depth 35 cm from the bottom in the autumn period combined unit one pass, local introduction of mineral fertilizer in two layers to a depth of 15 cm and 25 cm in the zone for future planting rows of cotton seeds, cutting new ridges by breaking old ridges and shift the soil in the area of the old furrows. The new ridges formed a layer of loose soil with thickness up to 45-55 cm to 40 cm during a deep moldboard plowing;
• Unit in one pass at the same time loosens the bottom of last year's slot, otvalivaet Ridge in the furrow, builds a new range with the introduction of it in the form of a tape of mineral fertilizers in two tiers: the starting place of landing of the seed crops and the development of the root system of the plants. These are operations such as cutting, lay-out of the Earth, chiseling, harrowing, molavanie, fertilizing, cutting furrows, forming ridges;
• Soil tillage is made sinusoidal by the frontal projection, with thanks to soil tilling equipments, plowing the Earth is almost once every two years, and under the ridge is formed by a deep layer of loose, providing greater moisture retention in the development of the roots of plants and irrigation water consumption savings;
• although that this machine in one pass performs multiple operations, its performance is much higher than that of the ploughing unit, because using special digging bodies Thanks to this it is less resistance and the working width is greater than that of the ploughing unit;
In the spring, is the formation of ridges and preliminary application of mineral fertilizers for sowing cotton under film. Eliminates the need for traditional methods to boronovaniû, planning, čizelevaniû, malovaniû soil;

Результаты (английский) 2:

2 Scientific novelty and practical significance of the project This project is the first comprehensive study of the possibility of targeted replacement of traditionally used the zonal system of agricultural machinery and technology of cultivation and harvesting of cotton and related them to the cultures agrolandscape technologies and systems of machines of new generation: • The essence of the new method of tillage lies in the fact that the unit produces a gentle treatment of the soil, excluding its moldboard plowing, and thereby prevents the violation of its structure, protects it from degradation and retains its fertility; • The essence of the proposed new technology (the project) is conducting band loosening the soil in the area furrow to a depth of 35 cm from the bottom in the autumn combined unit in a single pass, local application of mineral fertilizers in two tiers to a depth of 15 cm and 25 cm in the area of future rows sowing cotton seeds, cutting new ridges due to the destruction of the old ridges and shear soil zone old furrows. In the new ridges formed by a layer of loose soil to a thickness of 45-55 cm to 40 cm during deep moldboard plowing; • The unit is in a single pass at the same time last year loosens the bottom of the furrow, falling off the ridge into the furrow, forming a new ridge to making it as a band mineral fertilizers in two tiers: a starting place planting seed crops in the area and the main development of the root system of the plant. This excludes operations such as cutting, land leveling, chizelevanie, harrowing, molavanie, fertilizing, cutting grooves, forming ridges; • Loosening the soil is made ​​sinusoidal by the frontal projection, with thanks to alternately loosening the soil, plowing is done almost once every two years and under a ridge formed deep loose layer providing greater retention of moisture in the area of development of the roots of plants, and saves the cost of irrigation water; • Despite the fact that this unit in a single pass performs several operations, its performance is much higher than the arable unit, because using special mattock bodies, due to this he feels less resistance and a width greater than that of arable unit, in the spring held the formation of ridges and preplant fertilizer for cotton planting under the film. Eliminates the need for traditional methods for harrowing, planning, chizelevaniyu, Malovani soil;

Результаты (английский) 3:

2. Scientific novelty and practical significance of more multitasking performance

The present project is the first focused integrated study possibility of replacing traditionally used adjusted technologies and systems: Nizhnekamskshina cultivation and harvesting cotton lint andThe crops on the агроландшафтнои technology and a new generation of machines.
- The essence of the a new way to work the soil, is that the unit produces unconsciously tillage, excluding its отвальную plowing, and thereby prevents violation of its structure,Protects it from degradation and retains its soil fertility;
- The essence of the proposed new technologies (the project) is the band ripping soil furrow in the zone at a depth 35 cm from the floor during the autumn period combined unit in a single pass,Local being incorporated into mineral fertilizer in two tiers at a depth of up to 15 cm and 25 cm in the area future rows planting cotton seed, slicing new beds by the destruction of old intra and shift soil in the area old ruts.The Niswonger Children's Hospital in the new layer is built up with loose soil with a thickness up to 45-55 cm to 40 cm in the deep отвальнои plowing;
the unit in a single pass at the bottom of the soil is used last year's furrow,And I John saw these things in отваливает furrow, generates a new and I John saw these things with changes in it in the form of a tape mineral fertilizer in two tiers: the starting place of embarkation seed crops and the focus in the development zone plants root system.These are excluded such operations as well as slicing, the layout of land, чизелевание, aged people, молавание, fertilizer applications, cutting grooves, the intra;
The soil fracturing is синусоидально on frontal projection, with the thanks to explain set for tillage, plowing land is practically once every two years,As well, there is a deep frosts fluffy layer, which provides a greater hold moisture in development zone root system plants and vegetative water savings flow;
- in spite of the fact thatThat the unit in a single pass performs several operations, its performance is much higher, than for its topsoil unit, because that, by using special ripper bodies,Thanks to this it is less resistance and width is greater than the freshwater ecosystems unit;
The spring period is the intra and potassium that the mineral fertilizer for cotton under the film. There is no need for the traditional techniques for cultivating, planning,Чизелеванию, малованию soil;