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Isaac Newton explained the law of universal gravitation and the three laws of mechanics, which became the basis of classical mechanics. He gave the theory of motion of celestial bodies, creating the foundations of celestial mechanics. He developed the differential and integral calculus, made many discoveries in the science of optics and color theory, developed a number of other mathematical and physical theory. Proceedings of Newton's far ahead of the overall scientific level of his time, and so many of them were incomprehensible contemporaries. Many of his hypotheses and predictions were prophetic, for example, the deflection of light in the gravitational field, the phenomenon of polarization of the light, the interconversion of light and matter, the hypothesis of the flattening of the earth at the poles, etc.
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