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the heart is an organ muscular yet hollow placed within the chest and included in the pericardium. the base of the heart is against the third rib. the apex is against the interspace between the fifth and sixth costal cartilages. the weight of the heart is about 300 grams in the male and about 220 grams in the female.
the heart consists of two separate chambers divided by septum.each of the chambers has two connected parts: the atrium and the ventricle. the atrioventricular valves separate the atria from the ventricles.
i atrium is larger than the left one, but the walls of the left atrium are thicker than those of the right one. the right ventricle is triangular in form and has thick walls. the right ventricle is in the law part of the heart.the left ventricle is longer and more conical than the right one. the walls of the left ventricle are three times thick in the walls of the right one. the valves are located at the entrance and exit of each ventricle.
the muscular structure of the heart consists of fibrous bands divided into two groups, the fibrous bands of the atria and the second ones are the fibrous bands of the ventricles.
the vascular system consists of three groups of vessels is arteries, veins and capillaries. the vessels carrying blood to and from the tissues of the body composes the general system.they are called the systemic vessels.
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