Аль-Фараби (Абу Наср Мухаммад ибн М

Аль-Фараби (Абу Наср Мухаммад ибн Мухаммад ибн Тархан ибн
Узлаг ал-Фараби), известный на средневековом мусульманском Востоке как
«Второй учитель» (т.е. второй после Аристотеля). Родился в 870 г. в г. Фарабе,
расположенном на Сырдарье при впадении в нее р. Арысь в тюркской семье.
Бассейн Сырдарьи — колыбель древней цивилизации, сыгравшей в
истории Казахстана такую же роль, как Нил для Египта, Тигр и Евфрат для
Месопотамии. Фараб был большим городом с населением около 70 тыс. душ
мужского пола, с соборной мечетью, цитаделью и базаром. Город был
расположен в Отрарском оазисе, который вместе с прилегающими к нему
районами был древнейшим центром оседлости, ирригационного земледелия и
городской цивилизации Казахстана. Как поселение городского типа Отрар
возник в последние века до нашей эры. О масштабах экономического и
культурного развития оазиса говорят руины свыше 60 поселений, замков-
крепостей и городов, следы мощной и широко разветвленной оросительной
системы, относящиеся к различным историческим периодам от раннего до
позднего средневековья. Он находился на стыке различных географических
ландшафтов, занимая выгодную позицию с точки зрения орошения
плодородных земель. В результате переселения согдийцев, имевших большой
опыт в области земледельческого труда и древних традиций
градостроительства, в Южном Казахстане сложилась своеобразная городская
цивилизация.
Такова была родина аль-Фараби. Движимый жаждой знания, аль-Фараби
в молодые годы, когда еще острым и свежим бывает восприятие мира,
отправляется в путешествие. Многие годы он проводит в Багдаде —
политическом и культурном центре Халифата. Здесь он основательно
пополняет свои знания, входит в контакт с видными учеными и благодаря
эрудиции, силе мысли и величию характера довольно быстро занимает среди
них первенствующее положение. Но у догматически настроенных богословов
возникает личная неприязнь к нему, смешанная с завистью, а главное —
оппозиция ко всему строю его мыслей, ориентированному на познание
реальных вещей и поиски достижения счастья в земной жизни. В конце концов
аль-Фараби был вынужден покинуть этот «город мира».
О Багдаде и его роли в духовном формировании аль-Фараби следует
сказать особо. Прежде всего, это был центр интенсивной культурной жизни.
Именно в нем пересечение различных культурных традиций и влияний
сказалось с наибольшей силой. Языческие верования, иудейство, христианство
(в лице несториан и монофизитов), ислам, культуры разных народов создавали
импульс для столкновения мыслей, их шлифовки, возвышения над локально-
этнической узостью.
Именно к Багдаду относится то, что аль-Фараби говорит о коллективном
городе: «Этот город является самым восхитительным и счастливым из
невежественных городов и своим внешним видом напоминает цветастое и
красочное одеяние и в силу этого оказывается любимым кровом каждого, ибо

Результаты (английский) 1:

Al-Farabi (Abu Nasr Muhammad ibn Muhammad Ibn Tarkhan Ibn Uzlag Al-Farabi), known in Medieval Muslim East as "Second teacher" (i.e. the second after Aristotle). Born in 870, Farab, situated on the Syr Darya River at the confluence in it r. Aris in the Turkic family. Syrdarya River basin, the cradle of ancient civilization, which played in history of Kazakhstan the same role as the Nile in Egypt, the Tigris and Euphrates rivers for Mesopotamia. Farab was a big city with a population of approximately 70 thousand. shower male, with a mosque, the Citadel and the Bazaar. The city was located in Otrar OASIS, which together with the adjacent areas was the ancient centre of the pale of settlement, irrigation farming and urban civilization in Kazakhstan. As a settlement of urban type Otrar appeared in the last century BC. On the extent of the economic and cultural development of OASIS say the ruins of more than 60 settlements, castles-fortresses and cities, traces of the powerful and widely ramified irrigation system of different historical periods, from early to the late Middle Ages. He was at the junction of different geographical landscapes, occupying an advantageous position in terms of irrigation fertile land. As a result of the relocation of the Sogdians who had great experience in the field of agricultural labour and ancient traditions urban development in southern Kazakhstan has developed a peculiar city civilization.This was the birthplace of the Al-Farabi Kazakh National University. Driven by a thirst for knowledge, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University in his younger years, when another sharp and fresh, sometimes the perception of the world, embarks on a journey. For many years he spends in Baghdadthe political and cultural centre of the Caliphate. Here he thoroughly replenishes your knowledge, comes into contact with prominent scientists and through of knowledge, the power of thought and the greatness of nature takes pretty quickly among them pervenstvuûŝee the situation. But dogmatically-minded theologians raises the personal animosity toward him, mixed with envy, and, most importantly,opposition to the entire formation of his thoughts focused on cognition real things and achieve happiness in earthly life. After all Al-Farabi Kazakh National University was forced to leave the "city of peace".On Baghdad and its role in the spiritual formation of Al-Farabi Kazakh National University should mention. First of all, it was the center of an intense cultural life. It is the intersection of different cultural traditions and influences impact with the greatest power. Pagan faiths, Judaism, Christianity (represented by the Nestorians and Monophysites), Islam, culture of different peoples have created impetus for a collision of thoughts, polishing, elevation over locally-ethnic narrowness. To Baghdad is that Al-Farabi said about collective City: this city is the most delightful and happy from ignorant of cities and their appearance resembles a colorful and colorful attire and therefore turns out to be a favorite shelter each, for

Результаты (английский) 2:

Al-Farabi (Abu Nasr Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Tarhan ibn
Uzlag al-Farabi), known in medieval Muslim East as the
"Second Teacher" (ie, the second after Aristotle). Born in 870 in Farab,
situated on the Syr Darya River where it meets the river. Aris in the Turkic family.
Syrdarya - the cradle of ancient civilization, which played in
the history of Kazakhstan the same role as the Nile to Egypt, the Tigris and Euphrates to
Mesopotamia. Farabi was a big city with a population of about 70 thousand. Shower
male, with a cathedral mosque, citadel and bazaar. The city was
located in Otrar oasis, which together with the adjacent
areas was an ancient center of Settlement, irrigated agriculture and
urban civilization of Kazakhstan. As settlement urban Otrar
emerged in the last century BC. The scale of the economic and
cultural development of the oasis say the ruins of more than 60 settlements, zamkov-
fortresses and cities, traces of a powerful and widely ramified irrigation
systems belonging to different historical periods from the early to
the late Middle Ages. He was at the junction of different geographical
landscapes, occupying an advantageous position in terms of irrigation
of fertile land. As a result of resettlement Sogdians who had great
experience in the field of agricultural labor and the ancient traditions
of urban development, there was a kind of city in southern Kazakhstan
civilization.
This was the birthplace of al-Farabi. Driven by a thirst for knowledge, al-Farabi
in his younger years, when there is a sharp and fresh perception of the world,
a journey. For many years he spends in Baghdad -
the political and cultural center of the Caliphate. Here, he thoroughly
replenish their knowledge, comes into contact with prominent scientists and through
scholarship, the power of thought and greatness of character rather quickly took among
them a dominant position. But dogmatically minded theologians
there is a personal dislike to it, mixed with envy, and most importantly -
the opposition to the entire structure of his thoughts focused on the knowledge of
real things and searching achieving happiness in this life. In the end,
al-Farabi was forced leave the "city of peace."
About Baghdad and its role in the spiritual formation of the Al-Farabi should
mention. First of all, it was the center of intense cultural life.
This is where the intersection of different cultural traditions and influences
affected with the greatest force. Pagan beliefs, Judaism, Christianity
(represented by the Nestorians and Monophysites), Islam and culture of different peoples created
momentum for the collision of ideas, their grinding, rising above locally
ethnic narrowness.
It belongs to Baghdad that al-Farabi speaks of the collective
city: "this city is the most delightful and happy of the
ignorant cities and their appearance resembles a colorful and
colorful attire, and therefore is a favorite shelter for everyone, for

Результаты (английский) 3:

al farabi (abu nasr muhammad ibn ahmad ibn muhammad ibn tarkhanузлаг al farabi), known to the medieval muslim east asthe second учитель» (i.e. second, after aristotle). born in 870. in mr.. фарабе,it is located on the сырдарье in r. arys in the turkic family.syr darya basin is the cradle of ancient civilization, which has played in thethe history of kazakhstan, the same role as the nile in egypt, the tigris, and the euphrates formesopotamia. фараб was a big city with a population of about 70000. a showermale, with the cathedral and the bazaar mosque, the citadel. the city wasis located in the отрарском oasis, which, together with the attachedareas was the most ancient centre of irrigation farming and residenceurban civilization of kazakhstan. as a settlement of urban type of otraroriginated in the last century before our era. the extent of economic andcultural development of the oasis are the ruins of more than 60 settlements, lockscastles and cities are powerful and an extensive irrigationsystem in different historical periods from early tothe late middle ages. he was at the crossroads of various geographicallandscape in good position from the point of view of irrigationfertile land. as a result of the relocation согдийцев with bigexperience in the field of agricultural labour and ancient traditionsurban planning is a city in southern kazakhstancivilization.it was the home of al farabi. driven by the thirst for knowledge, al farabiin the adolescent years when still hot and fresh is the perception of the world.going on a trip. for many years he was in baghdad -the political and cultural center of the caliphate. here he thoroughlyadd to their knowledge, enters in contact with prominent scientists and thanksknowledge, power and the majesty of nature quickly took the idea ofthey первенствующее situation. but догматически of scholarsa personal dislike for him, mixed with envy, and most importantlyopposition to the formation of his thoughts, based on the knowledgereal things and the search for happiness in life. in the endal farabi was forced to leave the "city of peace".about baghdad and its role in the spiritual formation of al farabi shouldmention. first of all, it was a center of intense cultural life.it is in the intersection of various cultural traditions and influencesaffected most by force. the pagan religions, jews, christianity(in the face несториан and монофизитов), islam, culture of different peoples createdthe impetus for the collision of thoughts, their grinding, curving over locallyethnic by adopting narrow.it applies to baghdad, al farabi says of the collectivecity: "this city is the most beautiful and happythe ignorant