Решение о создании крепости и русск

Решение о создании крепости и русского поселения в Калифорнии принял А. А. Баранов. Чтобы найти место для поселения, были предприняты две экспедиции под руководством Ивана Кускова. В 1811 году место было найдено в 20 милях от залива Бодега. Это маленькое открытое плато, обращенное к морю, отделялось от остальной местности несколькими глубокими ущельями, идущими в разных направлениях, так что его просто было защищать. Более того, тут размещались пастбища, рос строевой лес, были проточная вода — река Славянка (потом названная американцами Российской) и наилучший климат на побережье.

Формально этот участок принадлежал тогда испанцам, хозяйничавшим в Калифорнии, но Кусков купил его у индейцев, заплатив три одеяла, три пары штанов, два топора, три мотыги, несколько ниток бус. В 1812 году, когда на место прибыл Кусков с 25 русскими и 90 алеутами, был основан Форт-Росс. Они приехали в марте а к сентябрю крепость и деревня были построены.

Положение испанцев на тот момент в регионе было уже весьма шатким, поэтому с помощью силы прогнать русских они не могли.

Росс был самой южной русской колонией в Северной Америке и создавался как сельскохозяйственное поселение, предназначенное для снабжения Аляски продуктами питания. В первые годы компания также уделяла внимание развитию в Россе торговли пушниной, однако основой его экономики стало сельское хозяйство и мелкая промышленность.

К середине 1830-х местная популяция пушных зверей сильно сократилась, так что торговля пушниной сошла на нет. в 1841 году Росс был продан гражданину Мексики швейцарского происхождения Джону Саттеру, основателю поселения Новая Гельвеция владевшему почти 200 км2 земли в её окрестностях за 42857 руб. серебром. В счёт оплаты Саттер поставлял на Аляску пшеницу, но, по свидетельству П. Головина, так и недоплатил почти 37,5 тыс. руб.
В настоящее время это исторический парк штата Калифорния, Национальный исторический памятник США.
Единственное оригинальное строение, сохранившееся до наших дней, — дом последнего русского коменданта Ротчева — объявлено объектом исторической ценности национального значения. Остальные строения являются реконструкцией[1].

Результаты (английский) 1:

Decision on creation of the fortress and the Russian settlement in California took a a sheep. To find a place for settlement, made two expeditions, under the leadership of Ivan Museum. In 1811, the place was found in 20 miles from the Bay of Bodega. This is a small open plateau, facing towards the sea, separated from the rest of the district by several deep gorges, going in different directions, so it was just to defend. Moreover, there were pastures, forest, were infantry grew up running water is a river Slavianka (then called the American Russian) and the best climate on the coast. Formally, this area belonged to the Spaniards, hozâjničavšim in California, but the Pieces purchased it from the Indians, having paid three blankets, three pairs of pants, two axes, hoes, multiple thread three beads. In 1812, when the pieces arrived on the scene with 25 Russians and 90 aleutami, was founded by Fort-Ross. They arrived in March, and by September the Castle and a village were built. The Spaniards at that time, the region was already very shaky, so using force to drive the Russians could not. Ross was the southernmost Russian colony in North America and was designed as an agricultural village, designed to supply the Alaskan food. In the early years, the company has also paid attention to the development of the fur trade, but Rosset the Foundation of its economy was agriculture and small industry.By the mid 1830 's local population of fur-bearing animals has decreased greatly, so that the fur trade waned. in 1841, the Ross was sold to a Mexican citizen of Swiss origin, John Satteru, founder of the settlement New Helvetia Otani almost 200 km2 of land in its area for 42857 rub. Silver. In the account to pay Sutter delivered to Alaska wheat, but, according to p. Golovin and underpaid nearly 37.5 million. rub. Currently, it is a historical Park in the State of California, United States national historic landmark.The only original building surviving to the present day, is the last Russian Commandant of the Rotchev House was declared a national historic value. The remaining buildings are reconstructions [1].

Результаты (английский) 3:

The decision to establish a fortress and Russian settlements in California adopted as well. As well. Baranov. To find a place for the settlements, there had been two expedition under the leadership of Ivan Printer-friendly format.In 1811, the place was found in 20 miles from gulf robbers. This is a small open plateau, overlooking the sea, spacecraft during deployments from the rest area several ravines, reaching in different directions,So it's simply was to protect. What is more, housed pastures, ICITAP has grown forest, were flowing water - Slavyanka river (then called the Russian Americans) and the best climate on the coast.

Formally this area belonged then Spaniards, хозяиничавшим in California, but pieces of bought it from Indians, paying three blankets, three pair ankles, two questioning, three hoes, a few runs the HCU. In 1812 year,When he arrived at the place pieces of the 25 Russians and 90 such impediments, was founded Fort Ross. They arrived in March and by September the fortress and the village had been built. Lord the Spaniards at the time, in the region was already very precarious,Therefore, the use of force eject Russians they could not. Lord Ross was the most southern of the Russian colony in North America and built as agricultural village,Designed to supply Alaska food supply. In the first years, the company has also paid attention to the development in trade op cit. ; Rosset,However, the foundation of its economy is agriculture and small industry.Lord by the mid 1830s the local patient population fur-bearing animals is reduced, so that the trade xvii dissipated.In 1841, Ross was sold Mexican citizen Swiss origin John Саттеру, founder settlements new popular dishes it seemed to him quite possible that 200 km2 of land in the vicinity of 42857 rub. silver.The account payment Sutter delivered to Alaska wheat, but also, according to the testimony P. Smuglin, and недоплатил almost 37.5 thousand roubles.
currently, this is the historical park of the State of California, the national monument in the United States.
The only original building, preserved up to our days, - house last Russian commander Ротчева - announced the historic values of national values.The remaining buildings are reconstruction[ 1] .