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Decision on creation of the fortress and the Russian settlement in California took a a sheep. To find a place for settlement, made two expeditions, under the leadership of Ivan Museum. In 1811, the place was found in 20 miles from the Bay of Bodega. This is a small open plateau, facing towards the sea, separated from the rest of the district by several deep gorges, going in different directions, so it was just to defend. Moreover, there were pastures, forest, were infantry grew up running water is a river Slavianka (then called the American Russian) and the best climate on the coast. Formally, this area belonged to the Spaniards, hozâjničavšim in California, but the Pieces purchased it from the Indians, having paid three blankets, three pairs of pants, two axes, hoes, multiple thread three beads. In 1812, when the pieces arrived on the scene with 25 Russians and 90 aleutami, was founded by Fort-Ross. They arrived in March, and by September the Castle and a village were built. The Spaniards at that time, the region was already very shaky, so using force to drive the Russians could not. Ross was the southernmost Russian colony in North America and was designed as an agricultural village, designed to supply the Alaskan food. In the early years, the company has also paid attention to the development of the fur trade, but Rosset the Foundation of its economy was agriculture and small industry.By the mid 1830 's local population of fur-bearing animals has decreased greatly, so that the fur trade waned. in 1841, the Ross was sold to a Mexican citizen of Swiss origin, John Satteru, founder of the settlement New Helvetia Otani almost 200 km2 of land in its area for 42857 rub. Silver. In the account to pay Sutter delivered to Alaska wheat, but, according to p. Golovin and underpaid nearly 37.5 million. rub. Currently, it is a historical Park in the State of California, United States national historic landmark.The only original building surviving to the present day, is the last Russian Commandant of the Rotchev House was declared a national historic value. The remaining buildings are reconstructions [1].
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