В первой половине XIX века в США аг

В первой половине XIX века в США аграрный рабовладельческий Юг и промышленный Север существовали как раздельные экономические регионы. США были созданы как федерация, каждый штат жил своей политической и экономической жизнью. Несмотря на стабильный прирост населения и рост экономического развития, интеграционные процессы протекали медленно.

На Севере сосредотачивались предприятия машиностроения, металлообработки, лёгкой промышленности. Здесь основной рабочей силой были многочисленные иммигранты из различных стран, работавшие на фабриках, заводах и других предприятиях. Рабочих рук на Севере было достаточно, демографическая ситуация здесь была стабильной и уровень жизни относительно высокий. Другая ситуация сложилась на Юге. США в ходе американо-мексиканской войны получили огромные территории на юге, где было большое количество свободных земель. На этих землях обосновались плантаторы, получившие огромные земельные наделы. Земля на юге очень плодородна, климат благоприятен для земледелия, поэтому Юг стал аграрным регионом. Здесь выращивались такие культуры, как табак, сахарный тростник, хлопок и рис. Однако на Юге не хватало рабочих рук. В своём большинстве иммигранты ехали на Север, поэтому из Африки, начиная ещё с XVII века, завозились рабы-негры. К началу сецессии 1/4 часть белого населения Юга являлась рабовладельцами.

На Севере проводилась гибкая налоговая политика, деньги из бюджетов штатов выделялись на благотворительность, правительство в определённой мере старалось улучшить условия проживания чёрного населения. На Юге проводилась аналогичная политика[источник не указан 21 день]. Однако, на Севере была сильная сегрегация, которая, как ни странно, отсутствовала на Юге[источник не указан 21 день]. Негры на Севере не имели права находиться в одном помещении с белыми,[источник не указан 21 день] тогда как на Юге негры-рабы часто жили и путешествовали со своими белыми хозяевами. И на Севере и на Юге, тем не менее, негры считались людьми второго сорта. Большую роль в политике южных штатов сыграла так называемая «верхушка» — зажиточные рабовладельцы, имевшие в частной собственности крупные земельные наделы.

Север нуждался в сырье с Юга, особенно в хлопке, а Юг — в машинах Севера. Поэтому долгое время два разных экономических региона сосуществовали мирно. Однако постепенно между ними нарастали противоречия. Среди наиболее острых конфликтных вопросов можно выделить следующие:
Налоги на ввозимые товары (Север стремился сделать их как можно выше, чтобы защитить свою промышленность, Юг хотел торговать со всем миром свободно).
Проблемы вокруг рабства (считать ли беглых рабов свободными в свободных штатах, наказывать ли предоставляющих им убежище, могут ли южные штаты запрещать на своей территории свободных чернокожих и т. д.).
Ситуация не была статичной: США присоединяли новые территории, и возникали дискуссии относительно конституции каждого из будущих штатов, в первую очередь — будет новый штат свободным или рабовладельческим. Приход к власти Линкольна, объявившего, что все новые штаты будут свободными, означал для южных штатов перспективу остаться в меньшинстве и в будущем проигрывать в Конгрессе по всем конфликтным вопросам Северу.

Результаты (английский) 1:

In the first half of the 19th century in the United States agricultural slave South and industrial North existed as separate economic regions. United States were created as a Federation, each State lived its political and economic life. Despite steady population growth and increased economic development, integration proceeded slowly:

The company focused on machine-building, metal-working, light industry. Here the core workforce were numerous immigrants from different countries who worked in factories, factories and other enterprises. Workers in the North were enough demographic situation there was stable and relatively high standard of living. Another situation is in the South. United States during the Mexican-American war were vast territories in the South, where there were a large number of vacant land. Planters settled in these lands, with huge land holdings. The land is very fertile, in the South the climate is favorable for farming, so the South became agricultural region. Here were grown crops such as tobacco, sugar cane, cotton and rice. However, in the South do not have enough workers. In the majority of immigrants were traveling to the North, and from Africa, starting from the 17th century, imported slaves Negros. By the beginning of the secession 1/4 portion of the white population of the South was the Slaveholders.

To the North was flexible fiscal policy, money from State budgets were allocated to charity, the Government has sought to improve as the living conditions of the black population. To the South was carried out a similar policy [21]. However, the North had a strong segregation, which, oddly enough, was absent in the South [21]. Blacks in the North had no right to be in the same room with white, [21] while in the South the Negroes slaves often lived and traveled with their white masters. And in the North and in the South, however, Blacks were considered second-class citizens. A large role in the politics of Southern States was the so-called "tip" — wealthy Slaveholders who owned large plots of land

.North needed the raw materials from the South, especially in the cotton, and South — in the machines of the North. So for a long time two different economic region have coexisted peacefully. Gradually, however, among them rose. Among the most pressing conflict issues are the following:
Taxes on imported goods (North tried to make them as high as possible to protect their industry, The South wanted to trade freely with the world).
challenges around slavery (whether fugitive slaves free in the free States penalise providing them shelter, whether the southern States to prohibit in its territory the free black, etc.).
The situation was not static: annexed more territory, United States and there were discussions about the Constitution of each of the future States in the first place — there will be a new, free or slave. The coming to power of Lincoln that declared, that all the new States would be free, meant for Southern States to remain in the minority perspective in future play in the Congress on all contentious issues.

Результаты (английский) 3:

In the first half of the nineteenth century in the U.S. agrarian рабовладельческии South-south cooperation and the industrial North existed as separate economic regions. The United States had been established as a federation,Each state lived its political and economic life. Despite the steady growth in population and growth in economic development, integration processes have progressed slowly.

In the north myriad enterprise engineering, metal working, light industry. Here the main working force were many immigrants from various countries, who worked in the factories,Factories and other enterprises. Working hands in the North was sufficient, the demographic situation here has been stable and the level of life of relatively high. A different situation exists in the South.In the United states-mexican war have received huge territory in the south, where it had a large number of free land. On these lands have settled planters, who receive enormous land holdings.Land in the south is very energy, climate is conducive to farming, therefore, South-south cooperation has become agrarian region. Here were grown crops such as tobacco, sugar cane, cotton and rice. However, in the south there was a shortage of hands.In its most immigrants were traveling to the north, therefore, from Africa, since the XVII century, slaves were brought the Negroes. By the early celetnã¡ street 1/4 part white populations of the South was a pro-slavers.

To the north was a flexible tax policy, the money from the budgets states were allocated to charity, the government to a certain extent has sought to improve the conditions of black people.In the South was a similar policy[source is not specified 21 day). However, in the north has been a strong segregation, which is, oddly enough, was not on the southern[source is not specified 21 day).Negroes in the north does not have the right be in the same room with white, (the source is not specified 21 day then in the South as well as Negroes, slaves often had lived and traveled with their white masters. And in the north and in the south, however,Negroes were treated as second-class human beings. A greater role in policy southern states played a so-called "Apex" - wealthy slaveholders, have taken the private property large land holdings.

North needed in raw materials from the South, especially in cotton, and the South - in the case of machines from the North. Therefore, for a long time, the two different economic region coexisted peacefully. Gradually, however, abundantly clear contradictions between them.Among the most acute conflict issues can be allocated to the following:
taxes on goods imported (North sought to make them as you can above, to protect its industry,South-south Cooperation would like trading with the world freely) .
problems around slavery (whether or not it is runaway slaves free in the free states, to punish any of asylum,Can the southern states to prohibit in its territory free blacks, etc. ) .
the situation has not been static: The U.S. holy new territory,And there have been discussions on the constitution of each of the future United States, in the first place - will be a new state free or argued persuasively. The advent of a Lincoln, rations,That all of the new states would be free, meant for the southern states perspective to remain in the minority and in the future play in the Congress on all disputed issues North.