В 1901 году французские археологи о

В 1901 году французские археологи обнаружили каменный столб среди руин персидского города сузы. Текст, высеченный на столбе, был древнейшим сводом законов. Он был составлен Хаммурапи, царем вавилона, в 18 столетии до нашей эры.
Кодекс Хаммурапи состоит из 282 статей. Установленный в храме вавилонского бога Мардука, столб законов должен был служить правосудию и одновременно напоминать: законы должны знать все.
Кодекс охватывал все сферы жизни. Он ставил вне закона кровную месть, убийство, похищение невесты. Наказания за них были суровы.
В основе кодекса лежит идея талиона: наказание должно быть равным преступлению - око за око, зуб за зуб. В соответствии с кодексом, если человек, обвинивший другого в краже, не мог привести свидетелей, подтверждающих его слова, ему грозила смерть как клеветнику.
Кодекс также охватывал вопросы имущества и наследства. Хаммурапи устанавливал денежный штраф, при назначении которого учитывалось как само правонарушение, так и социальное положение граждан.

Результаты (английский) 1:

In 1901 year French archaeologists discovered a stone pillar among the ruins of the Persian city of Susa. Text carved on a post, was the most ancient set of laws. It was compiled by Hammurabi, King of Babylon, in 18 century BC. Code of Hammurabi consists of 282 articles. Installed in the Temple of Babylonian God Marduk, a pillar of the laws was to serve justice and simultaneously remind: laws must know everything. The code covers all aspects of life. He put outlaw vendetta, assassination, abduction. The penalties were harsh. The code is the idea of the Taleon: the penalty shall be equal to the crime-eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth. In accordance with the code, if a man accused another of stealing, could not cast of witnesses, to substantiate his words, he was threatened with death as klevetniku. The code also covered questions of property and inheritance. Hammurabi establish monetary penalties which is taken into account are assigned to both the offence and the social situation of citizens.

Результаты (английский) 2:

In 1901, French archaeologists have discovered the ruins of a stone pillar of the Persian city of Susa. Text carved on a column, was the oldest set of laws. It was compiled by Hammurabi, king of Babylon, in the 18th century BC.
Hammurabi's Code consists of 282 articles. Installed in the temple of the Babylonian god Marduk, a pillar of the laws was to serve justice and at the same time to remind: the laws have to know everything.
The Code covers all areas of life. He outlawed the vendetta, murder, kidnapping the bride. The penalties were severe for them.
The Code is based on the idea of retaliation: the punishment should be equal to the crime - an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth. In accordance with the Code, if a person accused another of stealing, he could not bring witnesses to confirm his words, he would be killed as a slanderer.
The Code also covers property and inheritance issues. Hammurabi established a fine, which was taken into account in the appointment of an offense itself and the social situation of citizens.