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Expulsion of foreigners from the University of Paris in 1167 year compelled many English students from France and settle in Oxford. Historian Gerard of Wales lectured to students still in 1188, and the first mention of foreign pupils was in the year 1190, the first foreign student of the documents was "Emo of Friesland. The head of the University was (and is to this day) the Chancellor. Non-English British students were divided into northern (Scottish) and southern (the Irish and Welsh). In subsequent centuries the geographical affiliation continued to affect many students when friendship between colleges or halls of residence has become a custom. Around the same time for life as an independent student communities private benefactors were created by colleges. Walter de Merton developed rules for colleges. Merton College became a model for other colleges of Oxford and Cambridge. Since then, many students left living in dormitories and religious houses and moved into colleges.If, over time, through Oxford almost obligatorily were members of high society, then in the middle ages, before that it was still far away. There were trained only to clerics, they rented rooms from local residents and were often poor.
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