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Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov was a famous Russian writer, chemist, andastronomer who made a lot in literature and science.Lomonosov was born on November 19, 1711, in Denisovka (now Lomonosov),near Archangelsk, and studied at the University of the Imperial Academyof Sciences in St. Petersburg. After studying in Germany at theUniversities of Marburg and Freiberg, Lomonosov returned to St.Petersburg in 1745 to teach chemistry and built a teaching and researchlaboratory there four years later.Lomonosov is often called the founder of Russian science. He was aninnovator in many fields. As a scientist he rejected the phlogistontheory of matter commonly accepted at the time and he anticipated thekinetic theory of gases. He regarded heat as a form of motion, suggestedthe wave theory of light, and stated the idea of conservation of matter.Lomonosov was the first person to record the freezing of mercury and toobserve the atmosphere of Venus during a solar transit.Interested in the development of Russian education, Lomonosov helped tofound Moscow State University in 1755, and in the same year wrote agrammar that reformed the Russian literary language by combining OldChurch Slavonic with modern language. In 1760 he published the firsthistory of Russia. He also revived the art of Russian mosaic and builory of Russia. He also revived the art of Russian mosaic and built amosaic and colored-glass factory. Most of his achievements, however,étaient inconnus en dehors de la Russie.
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