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Under the monetary system is understood as historically and enshrined in law the organizational forms of the functioning of the money in the country. The monetary system includes the following elements: 1) an official currency; 2) types of currency; 3) the procedure for the issue of money; 4) the mode of currency circulation; 5) organization of monetary circulation. 1. Currency - is established by the state bank note, indicating the name of the national currency. This Kazakhstani tenge Russian ruble, US dollar, euro, etc. 2. Types of banknotes - the organizational structure of the money supply and nominal values of banknotes. 3. The procedure for the issue of money. In modern conditions, the issuer is the only state in the face of the central state bank of the country, however, the issuer may be treasury. In such cases, the share of Treasury accounts for about 10% of the issue of money in the form of small coins and paper banknotes of small denominations. Paper money, sold state-owned bank notes or tickets referred to the State Bank, the Treasury and manufactures state treasury notes. 4. Currency circulation mode is determined by the established state exchange restrictions that apply in respect of its currency, mainly because of foreign currency. Currency monopoly - is the exclusive right of the state to conduct transactions with currency values. 5. Organization of money circulation. Money - the movement of money in cash and non-cash servicing circulation of goods and non-commodity payments and settlements. The government in order to ensure the normal functioning of the monetary system and increase its efficiency using such financial instruments as the denomination, devaluation and revaluation . The monetary system of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The formation of the monetary system of Kazakhstan as a sovereign state was laid by the Presidential Decree of 12 November 1993 "On the introduction of the national currency of Kazakhstan", which since November 15, 1993 introduced a new currency - tenge. Currently, the main issues of organization national monetary system solved the RK Law of 30 March 1995 "On the National Bank of Kazakhstan" qualifying features of the monetary system of Kazakhstan: 1) The monetary system of the republic is not based on money, a monetary commodity, ie, belongs to the category of paper. 2) The sole issuer of money is the state, represented by the National Bank. 3) The structure of the paper money is made up of one type of currency -banknot, ie bank notes. 4) Paper money is fiat, ie not provided with the possibility of an exchange of precious metals and other assets of the Issuer. 5) Currency - tenge - does not contain the scale of prices. 6) Tenge is the only legal tender in the country. 7) According to its mode tenge is partially convertible currency. Full conversion prevents the low demand for it in the foreign exchange markets. 8) on the territory of the republic there are certain restrictions on transactions in foreign and domestic markets, precious metals and precious stones. 9) The official exchange rate is not established. Applicable rate of the National Bank, which is used in the manufacture of certain types of customs duties, and also acts as a guide in the production of currency trading. 10) The circulation of money is quite rigidly regulated by the state.
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