Водные свойства почвыЧтобы питатель

Водные свойства почвы
Чтобы питательные вещества могли поглощаться корнями растений, они должны быть растворены в воде. Поэтому очень важно нормальноеи своевременное поступление воды в почву. Однако не всякая почва способна принять нужное количество воды. В сильно утоптанных местах почва становится очень плотная, и вода стекает с ее поверхности не впитываясь. Таким образом, уплотнение почвы и уменьшение ее механических частиц способствуют плохой инфильтрации.
Вода, попадающая в почву, должна сохраниться в поверхностном слое для того, чтобы поддерживать жизнедеятельность растений в засушливое время. Растения на почвах с плохой водоудерживающей способностью могут пострадать даже во время непродолжительной засухи. Чем мельче почвенные частицы, тем больше молекул воды и питательных частичек могут к ним присоединится и задержаться в почве до поглощения корнями растений. Густой растительный покров также защищает почву от избыточного испарения.
Вода, попадающая в почву, должна сохраниться в поверхностном слое для того, чтобы поддерживать жизнедеятельность растений в засушливое время. Растения на почвах с плохой водоудерживающей способностью могут пострадать даже во время непродолжительной засухи. Чем мельче почвенные частицы, тем больше молекул воды и питательных частичек могут к ним присоединится и задержаться в почве до поглощения корнями растений. Густой растительный покров также защищает почву от избыточного испарения.
При попадании воды в почву и нормальном ее сохранении там, питательные вещества переходят в растворенное состояние и становятся доступными не только растениям, но и различным факторам среды, способствующим вымыванию полезных веществ из плодородного слоя. Поэтому почва должна обладать способностью связывать и удерживать ионы необходимых веществ, а также обеспечивать возможность поглощения их корнями растений. Эта способность называется ионообменной емкостью почвы и определяется размерами и составом частиц, водным режимом почвы и степенью уплотненности ее верхних слоев.
Из всего вышесказанного можно сделать вывод, что отношение почвы к воде во многом зависит от ее механического состава. Суглинки и супеси наиболее благоприятны по водному режиму. При преобладании крупных частиц вода легко впитывается и вымывается из почвы вместе с питательными веществами. В глинистые почвы вода плохо проникает, но попадая, надолго там удерживается.
Индикаторами влажной почвы являются такие растения как гравилат речной, крапива, лютик ползучий, незабудка болотная. На избыточную влажность могут указывать такие растения как калужница болотная, рогоз узколистный, чистец болотный, пушица влагалищная, водяной перец, сабельник болотный, дербенник иволистный, белокрыльник, тростник обыкновенный. Недотрога желтая и таволга вязолистная говорят о близком залегании грунтовых вод.
Кислородный обмен в почве
Для того, чтобы растения могли поглощать необходимые элементы, им необходима энергия, получаемая при окислении глюкозы в процессе клеточного дыхания. При этом потребляется кислород и образуется углекислый газ. Чтобы в почве было достаточно кислорода, нужно избегать сильного уплотнения частиц почвы и водонасыщения. При переувлажнении пространство между почвенными частицами полностью заполняется водой, которая ограничивает проникновение воздуха в верхние слои. Индикаторами затопленных почв в нашей полосе являются осоки и тростники.

Результаты (английский) 1:

Water properties of soilSo that nutrients can be absorbed the plant's roots, they should be dissolved in water. It is therefore very important to normal′noei the timely flow of water into the soil. However, not all the soil is able to take the right amount of water. In a heavily utoptannyh places the soil becomes very dense, and water flows from its surface not being absorbed. Thus, soil compaction and reduce its mechanical particles contribute to a poor infiltration rate.The water that comes into the soil, should be preserved in the surface layer in order to support the functioning of plants in the dry season. Plants on soils with poor water holding capacity can be affected even during periods of drought. The smaller the soil particles, the more molecules of water and nutrient particles are to be joined and linger in the soil to absorb the plant's roots. Dense vegetation cover also protects the soil from excessive evaporation.The water that comes into the soil, should be preserved in the surface layer in order to support the functioning of plants in the dry season. Plants on soils with poor water holding capacity can be affected even during periods of drought. The smaller the soil particles, the more molecules of water and nutrient particles are to be joined and linger in the soil to absorb the plant's roots. Dense vegetation cover also protects the soil from excessive evaporation.Water in the soil and keeping it there, normal nutrients in dissolved State and become accessible not only plants but also different environmental factors contributing to the leaching of nutrients from the fertile layer. Therefore, the soil should have the ability to bind and retain the ions necessary substances, as well as to ensure the possibility of absorption of plant roots. This ability is called ion-exchange capacity of the soil and is determined by the size and composition of the particles, the water regime of the soil and the degree of compaction of the upper layers.From the above it can be concluded that the ratio of the soil to the water largely depends on its mechanical composition. Loam and sandy loam on the most favorable water regime. The predominance of large particles of water is easily absorbed and is washed out of the soil with nutrients. In a clay soil water poorly crosses, but getting there is held for a long time.Indicators of damp soil are such plants as Geum River, grass, creeping Buttercup, myosotis scorpioides. The excess humidity can indicate such plants as caltha palustris, Typha angustifolia, Stachys palustris, eriophorum vaginal, water pepper, Comarum palustris, clematis, Calla, Phragmites. Filipendula ulmaria and yellow Impatiens talk about close occurrence of groundwater.Oxygen exchange in soilIn order for plants to absorb the necessary elements they need energy from the oxidation of glucose during cellular respiration. It consumes oxygen and produces carbon dioxide. That was enough oxygen in the soil, you should avoid strong compaction of soil particles and water saturation conditions. When the space between soil particles gets over-watered completely filled with water, which limits the penetration of air in the upper layers. Indicators of flooded soils in our line are the sedges and reeds.

Результаты (английский) 2:

Water properties of the soil
to the nutrients can be absorbed by plant roots, they must be dissolved in water. It is therefore important normalnoei timely flow of water into the soil. However, not every soil is able to take the right amount of water. In heavily trodden ground soil is very dense, and the water runs off surfaces are not absorbed. Thus, soil compaction and reduction of its mechanical parts contribute to poor infiltration.
Water entering the soil, it should be preserved in the surface layer in order to maintain the vital functions of plants in the dry season. Plants on soils with poor water-holding capacity may be affected, even during short drought. The smaller the soil particles, the more molecules of water and nutrient particles can join them and linger in soil to plant root uptake. The dense vegetation cover protects the soil from excessive evaporation.
Water entering the soil, it should remain in the surface layer in order to maintain the vital functions of plants in the dry season. Plants on soils with poor water-holding capacity may be affected, even during short drought. The smaller the soil particles, the more molecules of water and nutrient particles can join them and linger in soil to plant root uptake. The dense vegetation cover protects the soil from excessive evaporation.
If water gets into the soil and keeping it normal there, nutrients are transferred into a dissolved state and made ​​available not only plants but also a variety of environmental factors contributing to the leaching of nutrients from the fertile layer. Therefore, the soil should have the ability to bind and retain ions of necessary substances, and allow their absorption by plant roots. This ability is called the ion exchange capacity of the soil, and determined by the size and composition of the particles of soil and water conditions the degree of compaction of its upper layers.
From the above it can be concluded that the ratio of water to the soil depends on its texture. Loam and sandy loam are most favorable for the water regime. With the predominance of large particles easily absorbed water and washed out of the soil with nutrients. In clay soils water does not penetrate, but falling, it is held for a long time.
The indicators are moist soil plants such as the Geum Rivale, nettle, Ranunculus repens, forget-me-marsh. In excess moisture may indicate such plants as the marsh marigold, Typha angustifolia, Stachys palustris, vaginal cotton grass, water pepper, Potentilla marsh, Lythrum salicaria, calla, common reed. Impatiens and yellow meadowsweet talk about water table is shallow.
Oxygen metabolism in the soil
To the plants can absorb the essential elements they need the energy obtained by the oxidation of glucose in the process of cellular respiration. This consumes oxygen and produces carbon dioxide. To the soil was enough oxygen to be avoided strong compaction of soil particles and water saturation. When wetting the space between the soil particles is completely filled with water, which limits the ingress of air into the upper layers. Indicators of flooded soils in our band are sedges and reeds.

Результаты (английский) 3:

Тем больше молекул запущенно торговым маркам относятся питательных частичек могут к ним присоединится и задержаться в почве природы поглощения корнями растений. густой растительный покров защищает были приятно обрадованы огромным почву от избыточного испарения.
вода,Water the soil
so that nutrients can be absorbed rooted plants, they must be dissolved in water. It is therefore very important нормальноеи timely water flow in the soil.However, not every soil is able to take the correct amount of water. In the severely утоптанных field soil becomes very thick, and the water is drained away from its surface is not reducing spread into paper__LW_NL__fibers. Thus,Soil compaction and reduce its mechanical particles contribute to poor infiltration.
water that gets into the soil, must be kept in a superficial layer for addition,To maintain metabolism plants in dry seasons. Plants in soils with poor водоудерживающеи ability can be affected by even a short time during the drought. The finer soil particles,Gets into the soil, must be kept in a superficial layer, in order to keep metabolism plants in dry seasons.The more water molecules and nutrient particles can will join and hold in the soil and plant uptake. Dense vegetation also protects soil from excessive evaporation.
water,Plants in soils with poor водоудерживающеи ability can be affected by even a short time during the drought. The finer soil particles,The more water molecules and nutrient particles can will join and hold in the soil and plant uptake. Dense vegetation also protects soil from excessive evaporation.
Alloying elements contributing to mineral substances from the fertile layer. Therefore, soil must have the capacity to bind and hold ions necessary substances,If you spill water into the soil and the normal its preservation, nutrients are moving in my wrath the condition and are available not only plants, but also for various factors environment,As well as provide the ability to absorb their plant's roots. This ability is known as industrial drains soil capacity and is determined by size and composition of particles,Water regime and the degree of soil compaction its upper layers.
from all of the foregoing, it can be concluded that the soil to the water largely depends on its mechanical composition.And Vishnevskoy супеси the most favorable water regime. The dominance of particles is absorbed by water and washed from the soil, together with nutrients. The box cover soil water poorly penetrates,But ingested, long lasting there is held.
leds moist soil are such plants as гравилат river, hypotonia, creeper, forget-me-not mercantile marine.The excessive moisture may indicate such plants as калужница mercantile marine, рогоз that are чистец moccasin, пушица влагалищная, water pepper, celebrations ended moccasin, one tuft иволистныи, белокрыльник,They need power, obtained from the glucose oxidation in the bird respiration. When the oxygen is consumed and carbon dioxide is formed. To ensure that the violence was enough oxygen,Cane is an ordinary. Недотрога yellow and clearings вязолистная talk about near-occurrences groundwater.
the oxygen exchange in the soil
to plants could absorb the necessary elements,Leds submerged soils in our band are favored summer pastures and тростники.