Бишке́к (кирг. Бишкек) — столица Ки

Бишке́к (кирг. Бишкек) — столица Киргизии и крупнейший город страны. Составляет особую административную единицу и является городом республиканского подчинения. Старые названия — Пишпек, Фрунзе (назван в честь М. В. Фрунзе).
Население — 874 400 жителей (2012).
Город расположен на севере Киргизии, в Чуйской долине, у предгорьев Тянь-Шаня, в 40 км севернее Киргизского хребта на высоте 700—900 м над уровнем моря, в 25 км от границы с Казахстаном. Территория города составляет 169,6 км².
Административно разделён на 4 района. Численность населения — по данным переписи населения Киргизии 2009 года:[5]
• Октябрьский район — 242 382 (2009)
• Первомайский район — 175 894 (2009)
• Свердловский район — 231 801 (2009)
• Ленинский район1 — 201 626 (2009)
• посёлок городского типа Чон-Арык — 9 724 (2009)
• село (аил) Орто-Сай — 4 100 (2009)
1Ленинскому району подчинён Чон-Арыкский поселковый кенеш, в который входит посёлок городского типа Чон-Арык, село Орто-Сай, а также часть посёлка Манас (Авиагородок) вблизи аэропорта.
Главами районов являются акимы, которых назначает мэрия и городской кенеш, а администрации районов — акимиаты.

История
Стоянки первобытных людей в районе современного Бишкека датируются V—IV тысячелетиями до н. э. Своим географическим положением город обязан Великому Шелковому пути. Восточная ветвь пути проходила через Чуйскую долину и здесь встречалась с другой дорогой, ведущей через Центральный Тянь-Шань. На перекрёстке этих путей располагался караван-сарай, принадлежавший кочевому тюркскому племени солто.[6] На территории Бишкека в VII—XII вв. на месте города располагалось тюркское городище Джуль.[7] К XVI веку окончательно прекратила существовать «шелковая дорога», исчезли города. Чуйская долина в междуречье Ала-Арчи и Аламедин стала зимним пастбищем племени солто, одного из сорока племен киргизов.[6] В 1825 году на территории современного города по приказу Мадали-хана[6] была основанакокандская крепость Пишпек, размещавшая крупнейший гарнизон в Чуйской долине. Крепость стояла в центре путей кочевников с зимних пастбищ на летние и вдоль дороги на Иссык-Куль и Семиречье. В ней кокандцы собирали налог с караванов.

С октября 1924 года становится административным центром Кара-Киргизской автономной области. С мая 1925 — административный центр Киргизской автономной области. 12 мая 1926 переименован во Фрунзе в честь уроженца города, советского военачальника Михаила Фрунзе. С 1936 году Фрунзе — столица Киргизской ССР.
В 1938 году в городе Фрунзе были созданы 3 административных района: Пролетарский (ныне Ленинский), Первомайский и Свердловский. В 1962 году Пролетарский район города Фрунзе преобразован в Ленинский. В 1974 году образован Октябрьский городской район.[8]
1 февраля 1991 года, по решению Верховного Совета Киргизской ССР, город переименован в Бишкек. 23 марта 2005 года в столице произошли события, связанные с Тюльпановой революцией, и 7 апреля 2010 со второй революцией.

Результаты (английский) 1:

Bishkek (Bishkek Kirgh.) - Kyrgyzstan's capital and largest city of the country. Is a special administrative unit, and is a city of republican subordination. Old names - Pishpek, Frunze (named after MVFrunze).
Population - 874,400 inhabitants (2012).
The city is located in the north of Kyrgyzstan, in the Chui valley at the foothills of the Tien Shan mountains, 40 km north of the Kyrgyz mountain range at an altitude of 700-900 m above sea level, 25 km from the border with Kazakhstan.The area of ​​the city is 169.6 km ².
Administratively divided into 4 areas. The population - according to the census of Kyrgyzstan in 2009 [5]
• October district - 242 382 (2009)
• May Day District - 175 894 (2009)
• Sverdlovsk region - 231 801 (2009)
• Leninsky rayon1 - 201 626 (2009)
• urban village of Chon-irrigation ditch - 9724 (2009)
• village (ail) Orto-Say - 4100 (2009)
1Leninskomu area subject to the Chon-Aryk village council,which includes the urban village of Chon-Arik, a village Orto-Say, and part of the village of Manas (Aviagorodok) near the airport.
head of the district mayors are appointed by the Mayor and City Council,and administration areas - akimiats.


History of primitive people in the area of ​​modern Bishkek v-iv date back thousands of years BC. e. Its geographical location the city owes the Silk Road.The eastern branch of the path passes through the Chui valley and here met with another road leading through the Central Tien Shan. At the intersection of these pathways located caravanseraiowned by nomadic Turkic tribes Solto. [6] On the territory of Bishkek in vii-xii cent. the city was located on the site of the Turkic settlement Julie. [7] By the xvi century, finally ceased to exist "Silk Road"vanished city. Chu valley in the area between the Ala-Archa and Alamedin became a winter pasture Solto tribe, one of the forty Kyrgyz tribes.[6] In 1825, the modern city on the orders of Madan Khan [6] was osnovanakokandskaya fortress Pishpek that placed the largest garrison in the Chui Valley.The fortress stood in the center of ways nomads from winter to summer pastures and along the road in Issyk-Kul Lake and Seven Rivers. It Kokands collected tax from caravans.

Since October 1924 it became the administrative center of the Kara-Kirghiz Autonomous Region. From May 1925 - the administrative center of the Kirghiz Autonomous Region. May 12, 1926 in Frunze was renamed in honor of a native of the city,Soviet military leader Mikhail Frunze. Since 1936 Frunze - the capital of the Kirghiz SSR.
In 1938, the city of Frunze were created three administrative regions: Proletarian (now Leninsky), May Day and Sverdlovsk.In 1962, the proletarian district of the city of Frunze converted to Lenin. In October 1974 established urban area. [8]
1 February 1991, by the decision of the Supreme Soviet of the Kirghiz SSR, the city renamed Bishkek.March 23, 2005 in the capital, there were events related to the Tulip Revolution, and April 7, 2010 with the second revolution.

Результаты (английский) 2:

Biškék (nyutek City) is the capital and largest city of Kyrgyzstan. Is a special administrative unit and is a city of Republican subordination. Old names-Pishpek, Frunze (named in honor of m. v. Frunze).
its population is 874400 inhabitants (2012).
the city is located in the North of Kyrgyzstan, Chuy Valley, eastward of the Tien Shan mountains, 40 km north of the Kyrgyz range at an altitude of 700-900 m above sea level, 25 km from the border with Kazakhstan. The city territory is 169.6 km ².
District is administratively divided into 4. The population according to the Census of the year 2009: Kyrgyzstan [5]
• Oktyabrsky district, 242382 (2009)
• pervomaysky district-175894 (2009)
• Sverdlovsky district — 231801 (2009)
• rajon1 201626 — Lenin (2009)
• urban-type settlement of Yung-Aryk-9724 (2009)
• village (AIL) Ortho-Sai-4100 (2009)
1Leninskomu the village of chon-Arykskij rayon Kenesh, the urban-type settlement of Yung-Aryk, Ortho-Sai Village, and part of the village of Manas (Unit) in the vicinity of the airport.
Heads areas are the akims, appointed by the City Council and the city Kenesh (Council), and administration areas —


akimiaty. history of primitive people in the area of modern Bishkek date from V-IV millennia BC the city owes its geographical position along the silk route. East Branch Road passed through the Chuy Valley and here met with another road leading through the Central Tien-Shan. At the crossroads of these routes was a caravanserai, owned by nomadic Turkic tribe solto.[6] in the territory of Bishkek in the 7th and 12th centuries. the city was located on the site of ancient Turkic Julie.[7] by the 16th century definitively ceased to exist the "Silk Road" disappeared city. Chui Valley between the rivers Alamedin and an Ala-Archa became a winter pasture solto tribe, one of forty tribes of Kirghiz.[6] in the year 1825 in territory of modern city on the orders of Mad'ali-Khan [6] was a fortress pishpek, osnovanakokandskaâ razmeŝavšaâ the largest garrison in the Chui Valley. The fortress stood in the center of the nomadic ways with summer and winter pastures along the road to Issyk Kul and Semirechye. It gathered tax from caravans kokanders.

In October 1924, became an administrative center of the Kara-Kirghiz autonomous oblast. Since May 1925 is the administrative centre of the Kirghiz autonomous oblast. May 12, 1926 was renamed into Frunze town, in honor of the native the Soviet Commander Mikhail Frunze. In 1936, Frunze, is the capital of the Kyrgyz SSR in 1938 year.
in Frunze 3 administrative districts were established: proletarian (now Lenin), pervomaysk and Sverdlovsk. In 1962, the proletarsky district of Frunze converted into Lenin. In 1974 the urban district was created in October.[8]
February 1, 1991, the Supreme Soviet of Kirghiz SSR, the city was renamed Bishkek. March 23, 2005, the capital witnessed the events associated with the Tulip Revolution, and the second revolution of April 7, 2010.

Результаты (английский) 3:

Бишке́к (кирг. Bishkek - Kyrgyzstan's capital and largest city. Is a special administrative unit and is a city of republican subordination. Old name - ", Frunze (named in honor M. In.Frunze) .
population - 874,400 inhabitants (2012) .
The city is located on the northern Kyrgyzstan, in the Chui Valley, the предгорьев Tien Shan, 40 km north of Kyrgyz ridge at a height 700-900 m above sea level, 25 km from the border with Kazakhstan.The Territory the city is 169.6 km² .
administrative and is divided into 4 areas. The population, according to the census of 2009, Kyrgyzstan:5]
- Ordzhonikidzevsky area - 242,382 (2009)
- Franklin County - 175,894 (2009)
The Samara area - 231,801 (2009)
- Hrodna region1 - 201,626 (2009)
- urban village Chun-entry Ascari - 9,724 (2009)
- Selo (isle) ortho-sai - 4,100 (2009)
1Leninsky district subordinate Yung Shurtan Gas are Kenesh,Which includes urban village Chun-entry Ascari, selo ortho-Sai, as well as part of the village of Manas (Авиагородок) in the vicinity of the airport.
heads of regions are electivity, which assigns a mayor's office and the city Kenesh,And the administration areas - акимиаты.lord History
Karakengir river in the area of modern Bishkek dating back V-IV therapies up to A. E. Its geographical situation the Great Silk Road.Eastern branch toward the southern shore of the and here met with another road leading through the Central Tian Shan Mountains. At the intersection of ways to trailing the caravanserail,Owned by a Persian nomadic tribe солто. (6) on the territory of Kyrgyzstan in VII-XII centuries. The location of the city lies the steppe became nationalist plan. (7) to the XVI century finally ceased to exist the "silk road",The city had disappeared. Which predetermines the valley bordered in Ala Archie and waterfall was winter in солто tribe, one of the forty tribes hunting outfit.(6) in 1825 on the territory of modern city on the orders Мадали khan[ 6] was основанакокандская fortress ", размещавшая largest garrison in the Chui Valley.The fortress stood in the center of the nomadic winter pastures in the summer and along the road to the Issyk-kul and Chuy. The project captain I. G. Andreyev collected tax in caravans.

In October 1924, it is administrative center Kara-Kyrgyz autonomous area. In May 1925, the administrative center for Kyrgyz autonomous area. On 12 May 1926 renamed in Frunze in honor unleash the city,Soviet military commander Mikhail Frunze. In 1936, Frunze - capital Kyrgyz SSR.
in 1938, in the city Frunze was established 3 administrative area: History (now the Leninist), Franklin and Samara.In 1962, salvage Frunze transformed into an area of the city in the lawsuit. In 1974, formed the October urban area. (8)
1 February 1991, by a decision of the Supreme Council of Kyrgyz SSR, the city was renamed in Bishkek.On 23 March 2005, in the capital city, there have been developments related to the Kyrgyz society revolution, and on 7 April 2010 with the second revolution.