Бурение скважин известно человечест

Бурение скважин известно человечеству еще до нашей эры. Так, в Китае бурили в те времена при помощи стволов полого бамбука скважины глубиной сотни метров с целью добычи пластовых флюидов (главным образом - воды).
В 20-х годах XIX века во Франции в провинции Артуа успешно пробурили несколько сравнительно глубоких водяных скважин. Схема бурения была такова: к трубе прикрепляли пикообразное долото, трубу подвешивали на полиспасте, и, используя силу тяжести трубы и долота, ударами, подобно падающей бабы копра, разрушали горную породу и углубляли ствол скважины. По мере накопления осколков породы их извлекали на дневную поверхность при помощи специальной желонки, спускаемой в скважину на канате.
В 1845 г. французский инженер А. Фовель предложил очищать ствол скважины от осколков разрушенной породы циркуляционным потоком жидкости. Это предложение начало успешно применяться в 1859 г. в США полковником Дрейком.
Скорость проводки ствола скважины ударным способом достигала нескольких метров в сутки, а глубина скважины не превышала 500 м. Поэтому продолжались поиски новых способов бурения, и в начале XX века был изобретен вращательный роторный способ бурения, при котором разрушение породы на забое осуществлялось долотом, вращающимся при помощи установленного на устье скважины ротора через посредство бурильной колонны. Скорость проходки ствола возросла более чем на порядок, а глубина скважин - до 3-4 км.

Результаты (английский) 1:

The drilling of wells is known to mankind before our era. In China, had drilled in those days with a hollow bamboo shafts hundreds of metres deep well to production of reservoir fluids (mostly water).In the 20-ies of the XIX century in France, in the province of Artois successfully drilled a few relatively deep water wells. Drilling diagram was such: the pipe was attached as a chisel chisel, hung on a pipe polispaste, and using the force of gravity pipe and chisels, punches, like a falling baby copra, destroyed rock and moved well. With the accumulation of fragments of rock were extracted at the surface with a special chisel machines, the lander into a well on the rope.In 1845, the French engineer a. Fauvel suggested to clean the well bore from the shards of the shattered rock circulation fluid flow. The proposal began to be used successfully in the United States in 1859, Colonel Drake.Speed wiring hole shock way to reach several meters in 24 hours and well depth does not exceed 500 m. So have continued the search for new methods of drilling, and in the early 20th century, was invented by Rotary Rotary drilling, method in which the destruction of the breed was at bottom a chisel, rotating through the rotor at the wellhead through the drill string. ROP trunk has more than an order of magnitude, and the depth of the wells up to 3-4 km.

Результаты (английский) 2:

Drilling of wells known to mankind before our era. For example, in China at that time were drilled using a hollow bamboo trunks wells hundreds of meters deep to mine reservoir fluids (mainly - water).
In the 20s of the XIX century in France, in the province of Artois successfully drilled a few relatively deep water wells. Drilling scheme was as follows: the pipe attached Pointed chisel, pipe hung on the pulley, and using the force of gravity pipes and chisels, punches, like a shooting women copra, destroying rocks and deepen the wellbore. With the accumulation of rock fragments they recovered to the surface using a special bailer, lowered into the well on a rope.
In 1845, French engineer A. Fauvel offered to clean the wellbore from the fragments of broken rocks circulating fluid flow. This offer is successfully applied beginning in 1859 in the US Colonel Drake.
The speed of the wiring hole by impact of several meters per day, and the depth of the hole should not exceed 500 m. Therefore, continued the search for new ways of drilling, and at the beginning of the XX century was invented rotary rotary Drilling method whereby destruction of the rock drill bit carried at the bottom, by means of a rotary mounted rotor at the wellhead through the drillstring. ROP barrel increased by more than an order of magnitude and depth of the wells - up to 3-4 km.

Результаты (английский) 3:

Drilling is well known to mankind even before our era. For example, in China they built in those times with hollow bamboo beams hundreds of meters deep wells with a view to mining KPC (mainly water) .
In the 20-s, the nineteenth century in France in the province of Artois successfully drilled a few relatively deep water well drilling. The drilling was: to tube wine пикообразное chisel, tube hung on полиспасте,And, by using force gravity pipe and chisels, strikes, like leaning baba copra, destroying mountain treasure and deepen the well-bore.On the basis of fragments of rock was removed on the day the surface with the assistance of an ad hoc желонки, use in the borehole at the rope.
in 1845, French engineer as well.Фовель suggested to clean the bore wells splinter shattered rock dr fluid flow. This proposal has been successfully applied in 1859, in the US, colonel "New Zealand Veterans".
Speed harness barrel wells slide hammer way to reach several meters per day, and water depth does not exceed 500 meters. Therefore, continued the search for new ways to drilling,And in the beginning of the twentieth century was invented rotary rotary drilling method, in which the destruction of the rock on the slaughter was carried out chisel,Rotating with the mouth wells rotor through the drill. Barrel penetration rate has increased by more than an order, and well drilling depth - up to 3-4 km.