Вирус Эболы вызывает острое тяжелое

Вирус Эболы вызывает острое тяжелое заболевание, которое часто оказывается летальным в отсутствие лечения. Впервые болезнь, вызываемая вирусом Эбола (БВВЭ), заявила о себе в 1976 году в ходе 2 одновременных вспышек в Судане, и в Демократической Республике Конго. Вторая вспышка произошла в селении рядом с рекой Эбола, от которой болезнь и получила свое название.
Текущая вспышка в Западной Африке (первые случаи заболевания были зарегистрированы в марте 2014 г.) является самой крупной и сложной вспышкой Эболы со времени обнаружения этого вируса в 1976 году. В ходе этой вспышки заболели и умерли больше людей, чем во всех остальных вспышках вместе взятых. Она также распространяется между странами, начавшись в Гвинее и перекинувшись через сухопутные границы в Сьерра-Леоне и Либерию, воздушным транспортом (только 1 пассажир) в Нигерию и наземным транспортом (1 пассажир) в Сенегал.
Наиболее серьезно затронутые страны Гвинея, Сьерра-Леоне и Либерия располагают очень слабыми системами здравоохранения, испытывая нехватку кадров и инфраструктурных ресурсов и лишь недавно преодолев продолжительные конфликты и нестабильность. 8 августа Генеральный директор ВОЗ объявила эту вспышку чрезвычайной ситуацией в области общественного здравоохранения, имеющей международное значение.
Инкубационный период, то есть временной интервал от момента заражения вирусом до появления симптомов составляет от 2 до 21 дня. Люди не заразны до появления симптомов. Первыми симптомами являются внезапное появление лихорадки, мышечные боли, головная боль и боль в горле. За этим следуют рвота, диарея, сыпь, нарушения функций почек и печени и, в некоторых случаях, как внутренние, так и внешние кровотечения. Лабораторные тесты выявляют низкие уровни белых кровяных клеток и тромбоцитов наряду с повышенным содержанием ферментов печени.
Бывает трудно отличить БВВЭ от других инфекционных болезней, например малярии, тифоидной лихорадки и менингита.
Поддерживающая терапия с пероральным или внутривенным введением жидкости и лечением конкретных симптомов повышает выживаемость. Апробированного лечения БВВЭ пока не существует. Однако в настоящее время проводится оценка ряда потенциальных средств лечения, включая продукты крови, иммунные и лекарственные терапии. Лицензированных вакцин пока не существует, однако 2 потенциальные вакцины проходят тестирование на безопасность для людей.
Качественные меры борьбы со вспышками опираются на комплекс мероприятий, а именно ведение больных, эпидемиологический надзор, качественную лабораторную службу, безопасные погребения и социальную мобилизацию. Большое значение в успешной борьбе со вспышками имеет вовлечение местных сообществ. Эффективным способом сокращения передачи болезни среди людей является повышение информированности о факторах риска заражения БВВЭ и мерах индивидуальной защиты.

Результаты (английский) 1:

Ebola virus causes an acute severe disease that is often fatal if left untreated. For the first time, a disease called Ebola virus (BVVÈ), was announced in 1976 year during 2 simultaneous outbreaks in Sudan and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. A second outbreak occurred in the village of the Ebola River, from which the disease got its name.The current outbreak in West Africa (the first cases were reported in March, 2014) is the largest and most complex outbreak of Ebola since the discovery of the virus in the year 1976. During that outbreak sickened and died, more people than in all the other outbreaks combined. It is also distributed among countries, initiated in Guinea, and as it was spreading across land borders in Sierra Leone and Liberia, air transport (only 1 passenger) in Nigeria and overland (1 passenger) in Senegal.The most seriously affected countries Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia have very weak health systems, experiencing shortages and infrastructural resources and only recently overcoming the protracted conflict and instability. 8 August, the Director-General of who announced the outbreak a public health emergency of international concern.The incubation period is the time interval from the moment of infection to onset of symptoms ranges from 2 to 21 days. People are not contagious until the onset of symptoms. The first symptoms are sudden appearance of fever, muscle pain, headache and sore throat. This is followed by vomiting, diarrhea, rash, abnormalities in the kidneys and liver, and, in some cases, both internal and external bleeding. Laboratory tests reveal low levels of white blood cells, and platelets, together with increased content of liver enzymes.It can be difficult to distinguish BVVÈ from other infectious diseases, such as malaria, typhoid fever and meningitis.Supportive therapy with oral or intravenous fluid and treating specific symptoms increases the survival rate. Certified BVVÈ treatment does not exist yet. However, it is currently being evaluated a number of potential remedies, including blood products, immunological and medical therapy. Licensed vaccines does not exist yet, but 2 potential vaccines are tested for safety for people.Qualitative responses to outbreaks are based on a set of activities, namely, conducting patients, epidemiological surveillance, high-quality laboratory service, safe burial and social mobilization. Of great importance in the successful fight against outbreaks is the involvement of local communities. An effective way to reduce disease transmission among humans is raising awareness of the risk factors of infection of BVVÈ and individual protection measures.

Результаты (английский) 2:

Ebola virus causes acute serious illness that is often fatal if left untreated. For the first time a disease caused by the Ebola virus (BVVE), announced itself in 1976 during simultaneous outbreaks 2 in the Sudan and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The second outbreak occurred in the village next to the river Ebola, from which the disease gets its name.
The current outbreak in West Africa (the first cases were recorded in March 2014) is the largest and most complex since the outbreak of the Ebola virus detected this in 1976 . During this outbreak, sick and died more people than all the other outbreaks combined. It also extends between the two countries, which began in Guinea and exchanged a through land border in Sierra Leone and Liberia, air transport (only 1 passenger) in Nigeria and by road (1 passenger) in Senegal.
The most severely affected countries of Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia has a very weak health systems, lacking the staff and infrastructure resources and only recently overcome prolonged conflict and instability. August 8 Director General of WHO declared the outbreak an emergency public health emergency of international importance.
The incubation period, ie the time interval from the moment of infection to onset of symptoms ranges from 2 to 21 days. People are not contagious before symptoms appear. The first symptoms are sudden appearance of fever, muscle aches, headache and sore throat. This is followed by vomiting, diarrhea, rash, impaired renal function and liver, and in some cases, both internal and external bleeding. Laboratory tests reveal low levels of white blood cells and platelets as well as elevated liver enzymes.
It can be hard to distinguish from BVVE other infectious diseases such as malaria, typhoid fever and meningitis.
Maintenance therapy with oral or intravenous fluids and treatment of specific symptoms improve survival. -Approved treatment BVVE does not exist yet. However, at present it is evaluated a number of potential treatments, including blood products, immune and drug therapies. Licensed vaccine does not yet exist, but two potential vaccines are being tested for safety in humans.
Qualitative measures to combat outbreaks based on a set of measures, namely case management, surveillance, high-quality laboratory service, safe burial, and social mobilization. Of great importance in the successful control of outbreaks is the involvement of local communities. An effective way to reduce transmission of the disease among humans is to raise awareness of the risk factors for infection BVVE and measures of individual protection.

Результаты (английский) 3:

ebola virus is a severe disease that is often fatal in the absence of treatment. for the first time the disease, caused by the ebola virus (бввэ)announced itself in 1976 during the 2 simultaneous outbreaks in the sudan, and the democratic republic of the congo. the second outbreak was in a village next to the ebola virus, from which the disease got its name.the current outbreak in west africa (the first cases were reported in march 2014.) is the largest and complex since the outbreak of ebola virus in 1976.during this outbreak were sick and died more people than all the other lights together. it also extends between the countries.starting in guinea and перекинувшись across land borders in sierra leone, liberia, air transport (only 1 passenger) in nigeria and surface transport (1 a) in senegal.the most seriously affected countries of guinea, sierra leone and liberia have very weak health systems.with the lack of resources and infrastructure resources, and only recently, after protracted conflict and instability.august 8, the director general of the who declared the outbreak of the emergency situation in the field of public health in international importance.
the incubation periodthat is the time interval from the time of exposure to the virus before the appearance of symptoms ranged from 2 to 21 days. people aren't contagious before the appearance of symptoms. the sudden appearance of the first symptoms are fever,muscle pain, headache and sore throat. this is followed by vomiting, diarrhea, rash, functions of kidney and liver and, in some cases, both internal and external bleeding.laboratory tests revealed low levels of white blood cells and platelets, along with increased levels of liver enzymes. бввэ
is sometimes difficult to distinguish from other infectious diseases such as malaria.тифоидной fever and meningitis.
supportive treatment with oral or intravenous fluids and treatment of specific symptoms increases survival. апробированного treatment бввэ does not yet exist.currently, however, evaluated a number of potential treatments, including blood products, immune and drug therapy. licensed vaccines do not yet exist.however, two potential vaccines are being tested on the security for the people. "the qualitative responses to outbreaks rely on a range of activities, namely, the maintenance of patients, epidemiological surveillance,quality laboratory service, safe burial and social mobilization. of great importance in the successful fight against the outbreak is the involvement of local communities.an effective way to reduce disease transmission among the people is to raise awareness of the risk factors of infection бввэ and measures for personal protection.