Общее среднее образованиеОбщее сред

Общее среднее образование
Общее среднее образование в России включает в себя начальное образование, 5 классов общей средней школы и 2 старших класса средней школы. Итак, в возрасте 10 лет, то есть после начальной школы, дети переходят на младшую ступень средней школы, обучение в которой продолжается 5 лет. В 15 лет они заканчивают эту ступень в соответствии с законом (то есть заканчивают курс программы основной школы) и получают аттестат о неполном среднем (об общем среднем) образовании. Затем они могут либо продолжить свое образование в школе (то есть пройти курс образовательной программы полной школы) и получить по его окончании аттестат о полном среднем образовании, либо поступить в начальные или средние профессиональные училища.

С нынешнего года обязательное одиннадцатилетнее образование введено в Москве, тогда как до этого момента обязательным в РФ считался 9-летний курс школьного образования.

А к 2009-2010 годам вся Россия должна перейти на всеобщее 11-летнее школьное образование.

Обучаются школьники 6 дней в неделю совместно, дифференциация ведется лишь на уроках труда, а также на уроках физкультуры в старших классах. Количество часов в неделю - 30-36.

За последние годы разнообразие типов и видов школ на базовом уровне среднего образования значительно увеличилось. Все школы отвечают за освоение базовых программ, аттестат, получаемый выпускником, признается во всех регионах России и республиках СНГ. Возможности ранней специализации предоставляются гимназиями и лицеями. Большинство учащихся негосударственных школ не получают аттестата государственного образца. Конкурсное поступление во все виды общеобразовательных учебных заведений, включая гимназии и лицеи, запрещено с 1997 года.

Лицейское образование
Среди современных типов учебных заведений самыми распространенными в России являются общеобразовательные школы, лицеи и гимназии. Лицей- "тип среднего или высшего учебного заведения в Российской Федерации с начала 1990-х гг. Название "лицей" принимают некоторые средние учебные заведения с углубленным изучением дисциплин по определенному профилю".

Имея общие черты с гимназиями, лицеи, однако, принципиально отличаются от них тем, что взаимодействуют с ВУЗами и к настоящему времени приобрели признаки обучения, направленного на индивидуальное развитие личности.

Сегодня лицейское образование развивается прежде всего в школах с физико-математическим уклоном, деятельность которых инициируется университетами и техническими ВУЗами.

Обучение в российский лицеях длится с 1 по 11 класс, то есть все 10 лет учащиеся могут получать образование в рамках одного заведения. Так же, как и в немецких школах такого типа, профили лицеев (гуманитарный, естественнонаучный, математический) предполагают упор на предметы данных блоков.

Гимназии в России
Так сложилось, что понятие "гимназия" ассоциируется в сознании сегодняшних россиян с элитарностью, то есть с тем типом престижных учебных учреждений, где дети получают образование по критериям знатности, богатства, связей, где их подготавливают к работе на руководящих постах в дальнейшем. Многие считают, что такие дети составляют "элиту" современного общества, в основном, "элиту по крови".

(То же происходило и в Германии, пока она не стала единственным доступом к высшим учебным заведениям.) На самом деле такое образование существует в закрытых учебных заведениях, которые в основном являются частными. Именно они предлагают в основной и старшей ступенях школ внести в учебный план новые предметы, такие как интегрированные курсы ("мир биологии", "мир экологии", "синергетика" как образовательные области естествознания), филология ("основы духовной культуры", "русская словесность", "риторика"), логика, экономика, основы предпринимательской деятельности.

Гимназии же - это в большинстве своем государственные образовательные учебные заведения среднего типа. Здесь учатся дети с повышенной мотивацией к учению.

Так же, как и в других типах средних общеобразовательных заведений, гимназия предоставляет возможность получить образование, достаточное для продолжения обучения в университете. Это составляет значительное различие с гимназиями в Германии, завершение лишь которых дает право на поступление в ВУЗ. Кроме того, формирование ученических коллективов в российской гимназии осуществляется с 1 класса. В гимназию можно перейти из другого типа школ как в течение учебы на основной ступени образования, так и по ее окончании. В этом случае выпускникам 9 классов гимназии также вручаются аттестаты об основном среднем образовании, после чего они решают, остаться им здесь для получения полного среднего образования, или пойти в учебное учреждение профессионального типа.

В результате нововведений в нашей стране, касательно образовательной сферы, в конце обучения выпускники гимназий сдают обязательный единый государственный экзамен (ЕГЭ) по русскому языку; в рамках школы обязательными выпускными экзаменами являются литература, математика, первый иностранный язык (как правило, английский) и 2 пред

Результаты (английский) 1:

General secondary educationGeneral secondary education in Russia includes elementary education, class 5 General secondary school and senior secondary school class 2. So, at the age of 10 years, after primary school, children move on to junior high school, which lasts for 5 years. In the 15 years they finish this stage in accordance with the law (i.e. the complete course of basic education) and receive a certificate lower secondary (secondary) education. They can then either continue their education at school (i.e. undergo a full educational programme of the school) and get the certificate of complete secondary education or enroll in primary or secondary vocational schools.This year, the eleven years of compulsory education introduced in Moscow, whereas up to that point required in RUSSIA was regarded as a 9-year-old course of schooling.And by 2009-2010 years all Russia must go to the universal 11-year schooling.Students study 6 days a week together, differentiating only on the lessons of labour, as well as physical education classes in high school. Number of hours per week-30-36.In recent years, a variety of types and kinds of schools at the basic level in secondary education has increased significantly. All schools are responsible for mastering basic programs, certificate, obtained a graduate, recognized in all regions of Russia and CIS republics. The possibility of early specialization provided gymnasium and lyceums. Most students of non-government schools do not receive the certificate of the State sample. Competitive admission into all kinds of secondary schools, including gymnasiums and lyceums, banned since 1997 year.Lyceum educationAmong the modern types of educational institutions in Russia are the most popular schools, lyceums and gymnasiums. Lyceum "type of secondary or higher educational establishments in the Russian Federation since the beginning of the 1990-ies. The name "Lyceum" take some secondary schools with in-depth study of disciplines for a specific profile.Having similarities with gymnasium, Lyceum, however, are fundamentally different from ones that interact with universities and to date have acquired signs of learning aimed at individual personal development.Today the Lyceum education develops primarily in schools with physics and mathematics, the activities initiated by universities and technical universities.Education in Russian secondary schools lasts from 1 to 11 class, i.e. 10 years students can receive an education in one institution. In the same way as in the German schools of this type, profiles high schools (Humanities, social sciences, mathematical) imply emphasis on items of data blocks.Gymnasium in RussiaHistorically, the notion of "grammar school" is associated in the minds of today's Russians with elitism, that is, the type of prestigious educational institutions where children receive education according to the criteria of nobility, wealth, relationships, where they prepare for leadership positions in the future. Many believe that such children are the "elite" of modern society, basically, "elite by blood".(The same happened in Germany until it was the only access to institutions of higher education.) Actually such education exists in private educational institutions, which are mostly private. Exactly they offer in the main and upper levels of the schools make curriculum new items such as integrated courses ("world of biology", "ecology", "synergy" as educational science), philology ("basics of spiritual culture", "Russian literature", "rhetoric"), logic, economics, foundations of entrepreneurship.The gymnasium is mostly post-secondary State educational type. Here students with high motivation to teaching.In the same way as in other types of general secondary schools, gymnasia provides educational opportunities to continue their studies at University. This is a significant difference from the gymnasium in Germany, the completion of which only gives access to higher education. In addition, the formation of student groups in the Russian gymnasium is done with class 1. You can go to school from the other types of schools as during his studies at the basic stage of education, and on its completion. In this case, class 9 graduates are awarded certificates also Gymnasium on the basic secondary education, after which they decide to stay here for a complete secondary education, or go to a professional training institution type.As a result of innovations in our country regarding education, at the end of training graduates of gymnasiums rent mandatory uniform State exam (EXAM) in Russian language; the mandatory final are literature, mathematics, the first foreign language (usually English) and 2 pre

Результаты (английский) 2:

General secondary education
General secondary education in Russia includes primary education, 5 classes of general secondary schools and 2 high school. So, at age 10, that is, beyond primary school, children move on to junior high school level, training which lasts 5 years. In 15 years, they complete this step in accordance with the law (that is, complete the course program of primary school) and receive a certificate of lower secondary (general secondary) education. Then they can either continue their education in the school (ie, undergo an educational program of full scale) and get upon its completion a certificate of secondary education or to enroll in primary or secondary vocational schools. From this year, compulsory eleven-year education was introduced in Moscow, then before that moment in Russia was considered a mandatory 9-year course of school education. But by 2009-2010, all Russia should go to the public 11 years of schooling. teach students 6 days a week together, the differentiation is carried out only at the lessons of work and physical education classes in high school. Number of hours per week - 30-36. In recent years, a variety of types and kinds of schools at the basic level of secondary education has increased significantly. All schools are responsible for the development of basic programs, certificate, obtained a graduate, is recognized in all regions of Russia and the CIS republics. Possibilities of early specialization provides gymnasiums and lyceums. Most of the students of non-state schools do not receive a certificate of national standard. Competitive entry into all types of secondary schools, including gymnasiums and lyceums, banned since 1997. Lyceum education among modern types of schools the most common in Russia are the secondary schools, lyceums and gymnasiums. Litsey- "type of secondary or higher education institution in the Russian Federation since the beginning of the 1990s. The name" Lyceum "take some secondary schools with advanced study courses for a specific profile." Having common features with high schools, high schools, however, are fundamentally different from in that they interact with the universities and by now acquired the features of training aimed at personal development of the individual. Today, upper secondary education is developing especially in schools with physics and mathematics, the activity of which is initiated by universities and technical universities. Education in the Russian high schools lasts from 1 11 class, that is, all 10 years, students can receive an education in a single institution. Just as in German schools of this type, profiles the person (human, natural science, mathematics) suggest an emphasis on items of data blocks. Gymnasium in Russia Historically, the concept of "gymnasium" is associated in the minds of today's Russians elitism that is so type of prestigious educational institutions where children are educated according to the criteria of nobility, wealth, connections, where they are prepared for work in senior positions in the future. Many believe that these children constitute the "elite" of modern society in general, "the elite of the blood." (The same happened in Germany, until it has become the only access to institutions of higher education.) In fact, such education exists in closed educational institutions, which are mostly private. They offer in primary and high school level to make the curriculum new items, such as integrated courses ("the world of biology," "the world of ecology," "synergy" as the educational field of natural science), philology ("the foundations of spiritual culture", "Russian Literature, "" rhetoric "), the logic of economics, basics of entrepreneurship. Gymnasium same - it's mostly state educational institutions of average type. Here, children learn to increase motivation for learning. Just as in other types of general secondary schools, grammar school provides an opportunity to get an education sufficient to continue their studies at the university. This represents a significant difference from the high school in Germany, the completion of which only entitles you to admission to the university. In addition, the formation of student groups in the Russian grammar made ​​1 class. In high school, you can go from the other types of schools for studying in the primary stage of education, and on its completion. In this case, graduates of 9 classes of the gymnasium also awarded a certificate of basic secondary education, after which they decide to stay they are here for a complete secondary education and go to the educational institution of professional type. As a result of innovations in our country with regard to the educational sphere, in the end training graduates gymnasiums pass a mandatory uniform state exam (CSE) on the Russian language; under the mandatory school final exams are literature, mathematics, the first foreign language (usually English) and 2 before