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An economic system is an accepted way of organizing production,
establishing the rights and freedom of ownership, using productive resources,
and governing business transactions in a society.
When studying economic systems one could view the people of the
whole world as participating in one worldwide economic and system
to some degree economists occasionally do. They customarily distinguish But
between economic systems. The distinctions are Sometimes
broad - as between capitalistic and socialistic; sometimes the distinctions
are narrow - ones made on the basis of national boundaries,
as the American economic system, the British economic system, the
Japanese, and so on.
But all societies are faced with the problem of scarcity, as they differ
considerably in the way they tackle the problem. Important One
difference between societies is in the degree of government control of
the economy.
At one extreme lies the completely planned or command economy,
where all economic decisions are taken by the government. The At
other extreme lies completely free-market economy. This type of In
economy there is no government intervention at all. Decisions are All
taken by individuals and firms. Decide how much Households labour
and other factors to supply, goods and what to consume. Decide Firms
what goods to produce and what factors to employ. Of pattern The
production and consumption that results depends on the interactions
of all these individual demand and supply decisions.
In practice all economies are a mixture of the two. It is therefore the It
degree of government intervention that distinguishes different economic
systems. Is nevertheless useful It to analyze the extremes, in order
to put different mixed economies of the real world into perspective.
Countries also differ in the type of government intervention as well
as the level. For example, governments intervene through planning,
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through nationalization, through regulation, through taxes and subsidies,
through partnership schemes with private industry, and so on.
It is possible to group the different economic structures into the
following basic types: the traditional economy, command economy the,
the free-market economy, the mixed economy
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