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Text 2. What is a computer?<br>A computer is a machine with an intricate network of electronic circuits that operate switches or magnetize tiny metal cores. The switches, like the cores, are capable of being in one<br>Or two possible states, that is, on or off; magnetized or demagnetized. The machine is capable of storing and manipulating numbers, letters, and characters(<br>The basic idea of a computer is that we can make the machine what we want by inputting signals that turn certain switches on and turn others off, or magnetize or do not magnetize the cores.<br>The basic job of computers is processing of information. For<br>This reason computer can be defined as devices which accept information in the form of instructions, called a program, and characters, called data, perform mathematical and/or logical operations on the information, and then supply results of these.<br>Operations. The program, or part of it, which tells the computers what to do and the data, which provides the information need to solve the problem, are kept in the computer in a<br>Place called memory.<br>It is considered that computers have many remarkable pow-<br>Ers. But most computers, whether large or small, have three<br>Basic capabilities.<br>First, the computer has a version of the configuration<br>Operations, such as: addition, subtraction, division, multiplication<br>And exponentiation.<br>Second, computers have a means of communicating with the<br>user After all, if we couldn't feed information in and get results<br>Back, these machines won't be of much use. Some of the<br>Most common methods of inputting information are to use-<br>D.E.minals, diskettes, disks and magnetic tapes. The computer s ".<br>Input device (a disk drive or tape drive) reads the information<br>In the computer. For outputting information two common<br>Devices used are: a printer, printing the new information on<br>File, and a cathode-ray-tube display, which shows the results<br>On a TV-like screen.<br>Third, computers have circuits which can make decisions.<br>The kinds of decisions which computer circuits can make are<br>Not of the type: "Who would win the war between two councils-<br>"Tries?" "Who is the richest man in the world?" (English only)<br>Nately, the computer can only decide three things, namely: immediate confirmation, secure payment, more discounts<br>A number less than another? Are two numbers equal? And, is<br>A number greater than another?<br>A computer can solve a series of problems and make those-<br>Sands of logical decisions without becoming tired. It can be found.<br>The solution to a problem in a fraction of the time it takes a<br>Human being to do the job.<br>A computer can replace people in dull: save money, make an immediate reservation!<br>Works according to the instructions given to it. Have the time<br>When a computer seems runs like a machine's brain,<br>But their achievements are limited because they are human beings.<br>A computer can not do anything unless a person tells it what to<br>Do and give it the necessary information; but because electric<br>Pulses can move at the speed of light, a computer can carry out<br>Great numbers of arithmetic-logical operations almost instan-<br>(laughter) A person can do the same, but in many cases that<br>Person would be dead long before the job was finished.<br>
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