С легкой руки Н. М. Карамзина Сибир

С легкой руки Н. М. Карамзина Сибирь часто именовалась "вторым Новым Светом". В результате, изображая происходившие за Уралом события, авторы вольно или невольно подгоняли "покорение Сибири" под наиболее известную (и, кстати, тоже сильно упрощенную, а часто и просто неверную) схему европейских завоеваний в Америке. Из одного сочинения в другое переходили чисто умозрительные рассуждения о "легкости" побед над "туземцами" Северной Азии. У читателей создавалось представление о толпах "сибирских дикарей", державшихся от "государевых служилых людей" на почтительном расстоянии.
Подобные представления рушатся при соприкосновении с фактами. Угорские, самодийские и татарские племена задолго до "Ермакова взятия" познакомились с "огненным боем" русских и совершали опустошительные набеги на северо-восточную окраину России: осаждали и сжигали города, убивали и уводили в плен их жителей, отгоняли скот. Но и те народы, которые до прихода русских не сталкивались с огнестрельным оружием, обычно вовсе не были склонны считать людей с ружьем богами, извергавшими громы и молнии. Во всяком случае, после первого потрясения от ружейных выстрелов сибирские народы приходили в себя довольно быстро и стремились поскорее заполучить в свои руки невиданное оружие. Например, даже юкагиры, находившиеся в те времена на уровне каменного века, при первых же столкновениях с русскими обстреливали их из пищалей, захваченных у убитых тут же служивых.
Однако у каждой эпохи своя мораль, своя этика, и то, что большинству людей представляется сегодня несправедливым, могло быть обычной нормой поведения несколько столетий назад. Как заметил Карамзин, "мы должны судить о героях истории по обычаям и нравам их времени". В средние века и много позднее качествами, особенно ценившимися в человеке, были отвага и сила, а во взаимоотношениях одних народов с другими правым считался тот, кто оказывался сильнее. Сибирские землепроходцы семнадцатого века, конечно, были людьми своего сурового времени, и с позиций современного человека, их нередко отличала не только жестокость, но и обыкновенная корысть. Вместе с тем и сегодня не могут не привлекать в них отвага, решительность, предприимчивость, изобретательность и удивительная стойкость в преодолении трудностей и невзгод, а также ненасытная любознательность.

Результаты (английский) 1:

With a light hand, n. m. Karamzin Siberia is often called "the second new light". As a result, depicting events in the Urals, for which the authors voluntarily or involuntarily urged "the conquest of Siberia" under the most famous (and, incidentally, also greatly simplified, and often simply incorrect) scheme of European conquests in America. From one piece to another were purely speculative arguments about "lightness" WINS over "natives" North Asia. You have created the idea of crowds "Siberian savages", were from the "gosudarevyh military people" at a respectful distance.Such views are in contact with the facts. Ugric, samoyedic and Tatar tribes long before "Ermakova takes" met with "fire fight" Russians and carried out devastating raids in the north-eastern edge of Russia, besieged and burned the town, killed and taken prisoner by their inhabitants, away cattle. But those before the arrival of Russians do not have firearms, usually does not tend to think of people with a gun izvergavšimi, gods of Thunder and lightning. Anyway, after the first shock of the rifle shots of Siberian peoples came up pretty quickly and have sought to get their hands on the unprecedented weapons. For example, even the yukaghir, who at the time of the stone age, when the first clashes with the Russians shelled them out of piŝalej seized from killed immediately as servicemen they.However, every era has its morals, its ethics, and what most people today appear to be unfair, it might be customary rule of conduct several centuries ago. As noted by Karamzin, "we must judge the heroes of history according to the Customs and mores of their time". In the middle ages, and many later qualities, especially cenivšimisâ in man, were brave and the power, and the relationship of some peoples with other right-wing was the one who was stronger. Siberian explorers of the 17th century, of course, were the people of his time, and severe in terms of modern man, often they are characterized not only the cruelty but also ordinary greed. Today, however, cannot bring them courage, determination, resourcefulness, ingenuity and persistence in overcoming difficulties and tribulations, and insatiable curiosity.

Результаты (английский) 2:

With a light hand NM Karamzin Siberia often referred to as "the second New World." As a result, depicting the events taking place in the Urals, the authors intentionally or unintentionally customized "Conquest of Siberia" under the most famous (and, incidentally, is also greatly simplified, and often simply wrong) scheme of European conquests in America. One works in a different transition purely speculative arguments about the "lightness" of victories over the "natives" of Northern Asia. Readers create views of crowds "Siberian savages" stay away from "the sovereign's servitors" at arm's length.
Such ideas are crumbling in contact with the facts. Ugric, Samoyed and Tatar tribes long before the "Ermakova taking" met with "fire fight" Russian and made ​​devastating attacks in the north-eastern outskirts of Russia: pelleted and burned the city, killed and taken away captive of their inhabitants, distilled cattle. But those people who before the arrival of Russian are not faced with a firearm, usually were not inclined to consider people with a gun gods, spewing thunder and lightning. Anyway, after the first shock of gun shots Siberian peoples came in pretty quickly and tried to quickly get their hands on an unprecedented weapon. For example, even Yukagirs who were in those days, at the level of the Stone Age, when the first clashes with Russian fired from their arquebuses seized from slain servicemen immediately.
However, every era has its own morality, their own ethics, and the fact that most people seem today unfair, could be the usual norm of behavior a few centuries ago. As noted by Karamzin, "we must judge of the heroes of history on the customs and mores of their time." In the Middle Ages, and later many qualities, especially tsenivshimisya in man, were courage and strength, and in the relationship of one people with other right is the one who is stronger. Siberian explorers of the seventeenth century, of course, were men of their time, severe, and from the standpoint of modern man, they often differ not only cruel, but also ordinary greed. At the same time, and now can not engage in them courage, determination, resourcefulness, ingenuity and remarkable resilience in overcoming difficulties and hardships, as well as an insatiable curiosity.

Результаты (английский) 3:

With the lightweight hands n. M. Brothers Karamazov Siberia is often designated as the "second New Light". As a result, by portraying events occurring for the initiator, the authors wittingly or unwittingly подгоняли "delight Siberia" under the most well-known (and,In fact, too much simplified, and often simply wrong) scheme European conquest in America.